Perceived quality of life by patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases treated with biological therapies. SACVINFA study.

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate health-related quality of life perceived by patients with the most prevalent immune-mediated inflammatory diseases in Spain: inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), psoriasis (Ps), psoriatic arthritis (AP), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and spondyloarthropathies (SpAs), and to determine the factors that influence patient quality of life.

Methods: The SACVINFA study (SA = satisfaction, CV = quality of life, IN = immune-mediated, FA = pharmacy) consisted of an observational study conducted in 4 hospitals in the Community of Madrid. A cross-sectional analysis was made of adult patients diagnosed with an immune-mediated inflammatory disease who attended the Pharmacy Service. Quality of life was assessed using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression) and specific questionnaires: SIBDQ-9, DLQI, PsAQoL, QoL-RA and ASQoL.

Results: A total of 578 patients were analyzed (inflammatory bowel disease = 25.3%; psoriasis = 19.7%; spondyloarthropathies = 18.7%; rheumatoid arthritis = 18.5%; psoriatic arthritis = 17.8%). The mean age (SD) was 49.8 (12.3) years and 50.7% were male. The average score (SD) for the global EQ-5D- 5 L was 0.771 (0.2) and the mean (SD) visual analogue scale score was 71.5 (20.0). Type of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases was associated with differences in quality of life showing psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease higher values of EQ-5D-5L than psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthropathies, p < 0,05 in all comparisons. Patients with RA, IBD, and Ps achieved 70% of the maximum score, while patients with PsA and SpAs did not reach 50% of the maximum possible score. Female gender, a state of moderate/severe disease severity, an older age and a higher number of previous treatments were correlated with worse quality of life. Conversely, persistence to current treatment correlated with better quality of life.

Conclusions: Patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases have markedly affected quality of life, mainly in the pain/discomfort dimension, especially in those immune-mediated inflammatory diseases with a rheumatological component.