[Intrascopic predictors of favorable outcomes after ventriculoperitoneal shunting in Hakim-Adams syndrome: a single-center retrospective non-randomized study].

Abstract

The main feature of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus is reversible clinical manifestations after timely ventriculoperitoneal shunting. However, the effectiveness of such interventions does not exceed 85%. Invasive diagnostic methods are used to select candidates for surgery. At the same time, literature data indicate neuroimaging symptoms predicting postoperative outcomes without invasive examination.

Objective: To identify intrascopic predictors of favorable outcomes after ventriculoperitoneal shunting in Hakim-Adams syndrome; to present a model for evaluating MRI data and selecting candidates for surgery.

Material and methods: A single-center retrospective non-randomized study enrolled head MRI data in patients with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus who underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunting between September 2020 and March 2022. There were 34 patients including 15 ones in the main group (significant improvement after surgery) and 19 ones in the control group. We analyzed quantitative neuroimaging features: ventriculocranial indices, DESH syndrome (DESH score), angle of corpus callosum at the level of anterior and posterior commissures, dimensions of temporal horns of lateral ventricles, the number of lacunar infarcts in basal ganglia and white matter of hemispheres.

Results: We identified the most significant predictors of favorable outcomes after ventriculoperitoneal shunting: Evans index, indexed longitudinal size of lateral ventricles, angle of corpus callosum (at the level of anterior and posterior commissures) and DESH score. We created a classification model using discriminant analysis. This model allows us to predict the outcomes after ventriculoperitoneal shunting.

Conclusion: A comprehensive assessment of intrascopic symptoms allows us to predict the outcomes after ventriculoperitoneal shunting in patients with Hakim-Adams syndrome. In the future, we can avoid invasive diagnostic manipulations in some patients.