Structure and function of neurohypophysial hormones

IF 2.8 4区医学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Peptides Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI:10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171300

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Abstract

Vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OXT) are neuropeptides that are synthesized in the hypothalamus and stored in/secreted from the neurohypophysis. Although VP and OXT were initially characterized as osmoregulatory and reproductive hormones, respectively, these peptides exert versatile actions not only in peripheral organs but also in the central nervous system via multiple G protein-coupled receptors. Orthologous peptides and receptors have been identified in various animal phyla, reflecting an ancient origin of this hormone family. The aim of this review is to provide basic information on this hormone family and to propose matters to be addressed in future studies. In the earlier sections of this review, we summarize the historical aspect of VP/OXT research as well as the basic features of hormonal peptides and corresponding receptors. The latter sections describe VP/OXT family peptides and their receptors in nonmammalian species, including invertebrates, to introduce the evolutionary aspect of this hormone family. By integrating knowledge from both general and comparative endocrinology perspectives, we highlight current and future research trends about the VP/OXT system.

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神经生理激素的结构和功能。

血管加压素（VP）和催产素（OXT）是一种神经肽，在下丘脑中合成，并储存在神经丘脑中/从神经丘脑中分泌。虽然 VP 和 OXT 最初分别被定性为渗透调节激素和生殖激素，但这些肽不仅在外周器官中发挥多功能作用，而且还通过多种 G 蛋白偶联受体在中枢神经系统中发挥多功能作用。在不同的动物门类中都发现了同源的肽和受体，这反映了该激素家族的古老起源。本综述旨在提供有关该激素家族的基本信息，并提出未来研究中需要解决的问题。在综述的前几部分，我们总结了 VP/OXT 研究的历史，以及激素肽和相应受体的基本特征。后面的章节介绍了非哺乳动物（包括无脊椎动物）中的 VP/OXT 家族肽及其受体，从而介绍了该激素家族的进化情况。通过整合一般内分泌学和比较内分泌学的知识，我们强调了有关 VP/OXT 系统的当前和未来研究趋势。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Peptides 医学-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

6.70%

发文量

130

审稿时长

28 days

期刊介绍： Peptides is an international journal presenting original contributions on the biochemistry, physiology and pharmacology of biological active peptides, as well as their functions that relate to gastroenterology, endocrinology, and behavioral effects. Peptides emphasizes all aspects of high profile peptide research in mammals and non-mammalian vertebrates. Special consideration can be given to plants and invertebrates. Submission of articles with clinical relevance is particularly encouraged.