Dietary silicate minerals relieving cadmium or lead poisoning in juvenile sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus

IF 3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Marine environmental research Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI:10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106795

Yi Chen , Shuchang Cui , Lin Wu , Yuzhe Han , Xiaoran Zhao , Tongjun Ren

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Abstract

Industrial activities increase Apostichopus japonicus exposure to toxic heavy metals. This study evaluates the efficacy of three dietary silicate minerals (montmorillonite, zeolite, and kaolin) in relieving cadmium and lead toxicity in A. japonicus. Over four weeks, juvenile A. japonicus (7 − 9 g) were fed diets incorporating montmorillonite, zeolite, or kaolin, replacing sea mud at a 1:1 ratio. Experimental groups were: SM (control with sea mud), M (montmorillonite), Z (zeolite), and K (kaolin). Each group was exposed to cadmium (50 mg kg⁻¹) or lead (100 mg kg⁻¹) at the minimal toxic dose (MTD). Groups M and K demonstrated excellent growth performance, marked by improvements in weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and survival rate (SR). Their coelomic fluid revealed higher enzymatic activities, such as acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Additionally, groups M and K showed a reduced accumulation of cadmium and lead in their tissues; group K notably excelled in mitigating intestinal tissue damage. In contrast, Group Z exhibited significantly poorer performance. In other aspects, the trends among the three experimental groups were generally similar: the activity of intestinal digestive enzymes declined, intestinal microbiota diversity decreased, and the stability of community composition increased. In summary, the supplementation of montmorillonite and kaolin effectively reduces cadmium and lead toxicity, diminishes oxidative damage, and promotes intestinal health in A. japonicus. These findings provide valuable insights for enhancing safety in A. japonicus aquaculture.

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膳食中的硅酸盐矿物质可缓解幼海参的镉或铅中毒。

工业活动增加了日本狎鸥接触有毒重金属的机会。本研究评估了三种膳食硅酸盐矿物质（蒙脱石、沸石和高岭土）在缓解日本钝口鲇体内镉和铅毒性方面的功效。以 1:1 的比例添加蒙脱石、沸石或高岭土代替海泥，给日本鸦片虫幼虫（7 - 9 克）喂食，为期四周。实验组为SM（海泥对照组）、M（蒙脱石组）、Z（沸石组）和 K（高岭土组）。各组均以最小毒性剂量（MTD）接触镉（50 毫克/千克）或铅（100 毫克/千克）。M 组和 K 组表现出优异的生长性能，增重率 (WGR)、特定生长率 (SGR)、饲料转化率 (FCR) 和存活率 (SR) 均有所提高。它们的肠液显示出较高的酶活性，如酸性磷酸酶（ACP）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）。此外，M 组和 K 组减少了镉和铅在组织中的积累；K 组在减轻肠道组织损伤方面表现突出。相比之下，Z 组的表现明显较差。在其他方面，三个实验组的趋势基本相似：肠道消化酶活性下降，肠道微生物群多样性减少，群落组成的稳定性增加。总之，添加蒙脱石和高岭土能有效降低镉和铅的毒性，减轻氧化损伤，促进日本豚鼠的肠道健康。这些发现为提高日本水产养殖的安全性提供了宝贵的启示。

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来源期刊

Marine environmental research 环境科学-毒理学

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

3.00%

发文量

217

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： Marine Environmental Research publishes original research papers on chemical, physical, and biological interactions in the oceans and coastal waters. The journal serves as a forum for new information on biology, chemistry, and toxicology and syntheses that advance understanding of marine environmental processes. Submission of multidisciplinary studies is encouraged. Studies that utilize experimental approaches to clarify the roles of anthropogenic and natural causes of changes in marine ecosystems are especially welcome, as are those studies that represent new developments of a theoretical or conceptual aspect of marine science. All papers published in this journal are reviewed by qualified peers prior to acceptance and publication. Examples of topics considered to be appropriate for the journal include, but are not limited to, the following: – The extent, persistence, and consequences of change and the recovery from such change in natural marine systems – The biochemical, physiological, and ecological consequences of contaminants to marine organisms and ecosystems – The biogeochemistry of naturally occurring and anthropogenic substances – Models that describe and predict the above processes – Monitoring studies, to the extent that their results provide new information on functional processes – Methodological papers describing improved quantitative techniques for the marine sciences.