Stress-free indulgence: indulge adaptively to promote goal pursuit and well-being

Abstract

People pursue long-term goals amidst abundant hedonic options made available by modern society’s technological and productivity advancements. Curiously, individuals often find their enjoyment in leisure and pleasure contaminated by stressful cognitive and affective reactions. We argue that the stunted experience of indulgence is an overlooked source of self-control problems and diminished well-being. We review the social cognitive process related to this notion of stressful indulgence and propose that an adaptive incorporation of indulgence into long-term pursuits, choosing the right type of indulgence, and mindful savoring can reduce the consternation and stress associated with hedonic activities. When done right, indulgence can be adaptive and stress free, facilitates goal pursuit, and promotes psychological resilience and well-being. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.