Prostate cancer microenvironment: multidimensional regulation of immune cells, vascular system, stromal cells, and microbiota

IF 27.7 1区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Molecular Cancer Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI:10.1186/s12943-024-02137-1

Lin Chen, Yu-Xin Xu, Yuan-Shuo Wang, Ying-Ying Ren, Xue-Man Dong, Pu Wu, Tian Xie, Qi Zhang, Jian-Liang Zhou

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Abstract

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent malignancies in males worldwide. Increasing research attention has focused on the PCa microenvironment, which plays a crucial role in tumor progression and therapy resistance. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the key components of the PCa microenvironment, including immune cells, vascular systems, stromal cells, and microbiota, and explore their implications for diagnosis and treatment. Keywords such as “prostate cancer”, “tumor microenvironment”, “immune cells”, “vascular system”, “stromal cells”, and “microbiota” were used for literature retrieval through online databases including PubMed and Web of Science. Studies related to the PCa microenvironment were selected, with a particular focus on those discussing the roles of immune cells, vascular systems, stromal cells, and microbiota in the development, progression, and treatment of PCa. The selection criteria prioritized peer-reviewed articles published in the last five years, aiming to summarize and analyze the latest research advancements and clinical relevance regarding the PCa microenvironment. The PCa microenvironment is highly complex and dynamic, with immune cells contributing to immunosuppressive conditions, stromal cells promoting tumor growth, and microbiota potentially affecting androgen metabolism. Vascular systems support angiogenesis, which fosters tumor expansion. Understanding these components offers insight into the mechanisms driving PCa progression and opens avenues for novel therapeutic strategies targeting the tumor microenvironment. A deeper understanding of the PCa microenvironment is crucial for advancing diagnostic techniques and developing precision therapies. This review highlights the potential of targeting the microenvironment to improve patient outcomes, emphasizing its significance in the broader context of PCa research and treatment innovation.

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前列腺癌微环境：免疫细胞、血管系统、基质细胞和微生物群的多维调控

前列腺癌（PCa）是全球男性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。越来越多的研究关注 PCa 微环境，因为它在肿瘤进展和耐药性方面起着至关重要的作用。本综述旨在全面概述 PCa 微环境的关键组成部分，包括免疫细胞、血管系统、基质细胞和微生物群，并探讨它们对诊断和治疗的影响。通过 PubMed 和 Web of Science 等在线数据库，以 "前列腺癌"、"肿瘤微环境"、"免疫细胞"、"血管系统"、"基质细胞 "和 "微生物群 "等关键词进行文献检索。选择了与 PCa 微环境相关的研究，尤其侧重于讨论免疫细胞、血管系统、基质细胞和微生物群在 PCa 的发生、发展和治疗中的作用的研究。选择标准优先考虑过去五年内发表的同行评审文章，旨在总结和分析有关 PCa 微环境的最新研究进展和临床意义。PCa 微环境是高度复杂和动态的，免疫细胞造成免疫抑制条件，基质细胞促进肿瘤生长，微生物群可能影响雄激素代谢。血管系统支持血管生成，而血管生成又促进肿瘤扩张。了解这些成分有助于深入了解推动 PCa 进展的机制，并为针对肿瘤微环境的新型治疗策略开辟了道路。加深对 PCa 微环境的了解对于提高诊断技术和开发精准疗法至关重要。本综述强调了针对微环境改善患者预后的潜力，并强调了微环境在 PCa 研究和治疗创新的大背景下的重要意义。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Molecular Cancer 医学-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

54.90

自引率

2.70%

发文量

224

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Molecular Cancer is a platform that encourages the exchange of ideas and discoveries in the field of cancer research, particularly focusing on the molecular aspects. Our goal is to facilitate discussions and provide insights into various areas of cancer and related biomedical science. We welcome articles from basic, translational, and clinical research that contribute to the advancement of understanding, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. The scope of topics covered in Molecular Cancer is diverse and inclusive. These include, but are not limited to, cell and tumor biology, angiogenesis, utilizing animal models, understanding metastasis, exploring cancer antigens and the immune response, investigating cellular signaling and molecular biology, examining epidemiology, genetic and molecular profiling of cancer, identifying molecular targets, studying cancer stem cells, exploring DNA damage and repair mechanisms, analyzing cell cycle regulation, investigating apoptosis, exploring molecular virology, and evaluating vaccine and antibody-based cancer therapies. Molecular Cancer serves as an important platform for sharing exciting discoveries in cancer-related research. It offers an unparalleled opportunity to communicate information to both specialists and the general public. The online presence of Molecular Cancer enables immediate publication of accepted articles and facilitates the presentation of large datasets and supplementary information. This ensures that new research is efficiently and rapidly disseminated to the scientific community.