Modifiable dementia risk factors associated with objective and subjective cognition

IF 13 1区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Alzheimer's & Dementia Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI:10.1002/alz.13885

Anna Marie Rosická, Vanessa Teckentrup, Sol Fittipaldi, Agustin Ibanez, Andrew Pringle, Eoghan Gallagher, Anna Kathleen Hanlon, Nathalie Claus, Cathal McCrory, Brian Lawlor, Lorina Naci, Claire M. Gillan

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Early detection of both objective and subjective cognitive impairment is important. Subjective complaints in healthy individuals can precede objective deficits. However, the differential associations of objective and subjective cognition with modifiable dementia risk factors are unclear.

METHODS

We gathered a large cross-sectional sample (N = 3327, age 18 to 84) via a smartphone app and quantified the associations of 13 risk factors with subjective memory problems and three objective measures of executive function (visual working memory, cognitive flexibility, model-based planning).

RESULTS

Depression, socioeconomic status, hearing handicap, loneliness, education, smoking, tinnitus, little exercise, small social network, stroke, diabetes, and hypertension were all associated with impairments in at least one cognitive measure. Subjective memory had the strongest link to most factors; these associations persisted after controlling for depression. Age mostly did not moderate these associations.

DISCUSSION

Subjective cognition was more sensitive to self-report risk factors than objective cognition. Smartphones could facilitate detecting the earliest cognitive impairments.

Highlights

Smartphone assessments of cognition were sensitive to dementia risk factors.
Subjective cognition had stronger links to most factors than did objective cognition.
These associations were not fully explained by depression.
These associations were largely consistent across the lifespan.

Abstract Image

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与客观和主观认知相关的可改变的痴呆症风险因素。

简介早期发现客观和主观认知障碍非常重要。健康人的主观症状可能先于客观缺陷。然而，客观和主观认知与可改变的痴呆症风险因素之间的不同关联尚不清楚：我们通过智能手机应用程序收集了一个大型横断面样本（N = 3327，年龄在 18 至 84 岁之间），并量化了 13 个风险因素与主观记忆问题和执行功能的三个客观测量指标（视觉工作记忆、认知灵活性、基于模型的规划）之间的关联：抑郁、社会经济地位、听力障碍、孤独、教育程度、吸烟、耳鸣、运动量少、社交网络小、中风、糖尿病和高血压都与至少一种认知功能障碍有关。主观记忆与大多数因素的关系最为密切；在控制了抑郁因素后，这些关联依然存在。年龄在很大程度上并不影响这些关联：讨论：与客观认知相比，主观认知对自我报告的风险因素更为敏感。智能手机有助于检测最早的认知障碍：亮点：智能手机的认知评估对痴呆症风险因素很敏感。与客观认知相比，主观认知与大多数因素的联系更为紧密。抑郁症并不能完全解释这些关联。这些关联在整个生命周期中基本一致。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Alzheimer's & Dementia 医学-临床神经学

CiteScore

14.50

自引率

5.00%

发文量

299

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Alzheimer's & Dementia is a peer-reviewed journal that aims to bridge knowledge gaps in dementia research by covering the entire spectrum, from basic science to clinical trials to social and behavioral investigations. It provides a platform for rapid communication of new findings and ideas, optimal translation of research into practical applications, increasing knowledge across diverse disciplines for early detection, diagnosis, and intervention, and identifying promising new research directions. In July 2008, Alzheimer's & Dementia was accepted for indexing by MEDLINE, recognizing its scientific merit and contribution to Alzheimer's research.