Relationship of Physical Factors to the Occurrence of Injuries in Young Gymnasts.

IF 1.6 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES
International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy Pub Date : 2024-10-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.26603/001c.123475
Yuria Kobayashi, Yasuharu Nagano, Makoto Suzukawa
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: There is a large population of young athletes who participate in gymnastics, and the prevention of injury in junior athletes is considered important. However, few studies have prospectively investigated the relationship between physical factors and the occurrence of injury.

Purpose: To investigate the physical characteristics that are factors in the injury occurrence in elementary and junior high school gymnasts.

Study design: Prospective observational study.

Methods: A total of 36 healthy young gymnasts (at national competition level) were enrolled in the study. Once a week for 23 weeks, injuries were prospectively investigated using self-report questionnaires under the supervision of a research staff. Joint range of motion (hip, ankle, shoulder, and wrist), tightness (Thomas test, Ely test, straight leg raise [SLR], triceps surae, combined abduction test [CAT], horizontal flexion test [HFT]), and muscle elasticity (multifidus) were assessed to compare differences in physical function between injured and non-injured participants.

Results: Injuries occurred most commonly in the wrist (42.1%), lower back (30.2%), and foot (9.5%) among males, whereas heel (22.2%), knee (16.0%), and lower back (12.8%) were the most common injury sites among females. Wrist injuries in male athletes showed decreased shoulder joint range of motion, and lower back injuries showed decreased hip and shoulder joint range of motion. Lower back injuries in female athletes showed decreased hip extension mobility. Heel and knee joint injuries in females also showed increased range of motion and decreased tightness.

Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the factors related to flexibility differ according to injury location. Further studies are required to clarify the physical factors that influence injury occurrence by examining the effects of the gymnasts' muscle strength, age, individual factors, and left-right differences.

Level of evidence: 3.

年轻体操运动员受伤与身体因素的关系。
背景:参加体操运动的青少年运动员人数众多,预防青少年运动员受伤被认为非常重要。然而,很少有研究前瞻性地调查体能因素与损伤发生之间的关系。目的:调查小学和初中体操运动员损伤发生的体能特征因素:研究设计:前瞻性观察研究:共有 36 名健康的青少年体操运动员(国家级比赛水平)参与研究。在研究人员的监督下,每周一次使用自我报告问卷对受伤情况进行前瞻性调查,为期 23 周。对关节活动范围(髋关节、踝关节、肩关节和腕关节)、紧绷程度(托马斯测试、伊利测试、直腿抬高[SLR]、肱三头肌、联合外展测试[CAT]、水平屈伸测试[HFT])和肌肉弹性(多侧肌)进行了评估,以比较受伤和未受伤参与者在身体功能方面的差异:男性最常受伤的部位是手腕(42.1%)、腰部(30.2%)和脚部(9.5%),而女性最常受伤的部位是脚跟(22.2%)、膝盖(16.0%)和腰部(12.8%)。男性运动员的腕部受伤表现为肩关节活动范围减小,腰部受伤表现为髋关节和肩关节活动范围减小。女性运动员的下背部损伤表现为髋关节伸展活动度下降。女性脚跟和膝关节损伤也表现出活动范围增大和紧绷感减弱:本研究结果表明,与柔韧性有关的因素因受伤部位而异。需要进一步研究体操运动员的肌肉力量、年龄、个体因素和左右差异的影响,以明确影响损伤发生的物理因素:3.
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
5.90%
发文量
124
审稿时长
16 weeks
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