Exosomal non-coding RNAs: Emerging insights into therapeutic potential and mechanisms in bone healing.

IF 6.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING
Journal of Tissue Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-05 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1177/20417314241286606
Huixin Shi, Yang Yang, Hao Xing, Jialin Jia, Wei Xiong, Shu Guo, Shude Yang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by diverse types of cells, which affect the functions of targeted cells by transporting bioactive substances. As the main component of exosomes, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is demonstrated to impact multiple pathways participating in bone healing. Herein, this review first introduces the biogenesis and secretion of exosomes, and elucidates the role of the main cargo in exosomes, ncRNAs, in mediating intercellular communication. Subsequently, the potential molecular mechanism of exosomes accelerating bone healing is elucidated from the following four aspects: macrophage polarization, vascularization, osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. Then, we systematically introduce construction strategies based on modified exosomes in bone regeneration field. Finally, the clinical trials of exosomes for bone healing and the challenges of exosome-based therapies in the biomedical field are briefly introduced, providing solid theoretical frameworks and optimization methods for the clinical application of exosomes in orthopedics.

外泌体非编码 RNA:关于骨愈合的治疗潜力和机制的新见解。
外泌体是由各种类型细胞释放的纳米级细胞外囊泡 (EV),通过运输生物活性物质影响目标细胞的功能。作为外泌体的主要成分,非编码 RNA(ncRNA)被证明可影响参与骨愈合的多种途径。本综述首先介绍了外泌体的生物生成和分泌,阐明了外泌体的主要载体--非编码 RNA 在介导细胞间通讯中的作用。随后,从巨噬细胞极化、血管化、成骨和破骨细胞生成四个方面阐明了外泌体加速骨愈合的潜在分子机制。然后,系统介绍了基于修饰外泌体在骨再生领域的构建策略。最后,简要介绍了外泌体用于骨愈合的临床试验以及基于外泌体的疗法在生物医学领域面临的挑战,为外泌体在骨科领域的临床应用提供了坚实的理论框架和优化方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Tissue Engineering
Journal of Tissue Engineering Engineering-Biomedical Engineering
CiteScore
11.60
自引率
4.90%
发文量
52
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Tissue Engineering (JTE) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal dedicated to scientific research in the field of tissue engineering and its clinical applications. Our journal encompasses a wide range of interests, from the fundamental aspects of stem cells and progenitor cells, including their expansion to viable numbers, to an in-depth understanding of their differentiation processes. Join us in exploring the latest advancements in tissue engineering and its clinical translation.
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