Unraveling the NLRP family: Structure, function, activation, critical influence on tumor progression, and potential as targets for cancer therapy

IF 9.1 1区医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY

Cancer letters Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217283

Xueqing Zhou , Yongguang Tao , Ying Shi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The innate immune system serves as the body's initial defense, swiftly detecting danger via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Among these, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing proteins (NLRPs) are pivotal in recognizing pathogen-associated and damage-associated molecular patterns, thereby triggering immune responses. NLRPs, the most extensively studied subset within the NLR family, form inflammasomes that regulate inflammation, essential for innate immunity activation. Recent research highlights NLRPs' significant impact on various human diseases, including cancer. With differential expression across organs, NLRPs influence cancer progression by modulating immune reactions, cell fate, and proliferation. Their clinical significance in cancer makes them promising therapeutic targets. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the structure, function, activation mechanism of the NLRPs family and its potential role in cancer progression. In addition, we particularly focused on the concept of NLRP as a therapeutic target and its potential value in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

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揭开 NLRP 家族的神秘面纱：结构、功能、激活、对肿瘤进展的关键影响以及作为癌症治疗靶点的潜力。

先天性免疫系统是人体的第一道防线，通过模式识别受体（PRR）迅速检测危险。其中，核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体家族含吡林结构域蛋白（NLRPs）在识别病原体相关和损伤相关分子模式，从而触发免疫反应方面起着关键作用。NLRPs 是 NLR 家族中研究最为广泛的亚群，它们形成的炎性体可以调节炎症，对先天性免疫的激活至关重要。最新研究强调了 NLRP 对包括癌症在内的各种人类疾病的重大影响。NLRPs 在不同器官的表达各不相同，它们通过调节免疫反应、细胞命运和增殖来影响癌症的进展。NLRPs在癌症中的临床意义使其成为有前景的治疗靶点。本综述全面概述了 NLRPs 家族的结构、功能、激活机制及其在癌症进展中的潜在作用。此外，我们还特别关注了 NLRP 作为治疗靶点的概念及其与免疫检查点抑制剂联用的潜在价值。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cancer letters 医学-肿瘤学

CiteScore

17.70

自引率

2.10%

发文量

427

审稿时长

15 days

期刊介绍： Cancer Letters is a reputable international journal that serves as a platform for significant and original contributions in cancer research. The journal welcomes both full-length articles and Mini Reviews in the wide-ranging field of basic and translational oncology. Furthermore, it frequently presents Special Issues that shed light on current and topical areas in cancer research. Cancer Letters is highly interested in various fundamental aspects that can cater to a diverse readership. These areas include the molecular genetics and cell biology of cancer, radiation biology, molecular pathology, hormones and cancer, viral oncology, metastasis, and chemoprevention. The journal actively focuses on experimental therapeutics, particularly the advancement of targeted therapies for personalized cancer medicine, such as metronomic chemotherapy. By publishing groundbreaking research and promoting advancements in cancer treatments, Cancer Letters aims to actively contribute to the fight against cancer and the improvement of patient outcomes.