Burden of oral cancer and associated risk factors at national and state levels: A systematic analysis from the global burden of disease in India, 1990–2021

IF 4 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Oral oncology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2024.107063

Akashanand , Quazi Syed Zahiruddin , Diptismita Jena , Suhas Ballal , Sanjay Kumar , Mahakshit Bhat , Shilpa Sharma , M. Ravi Kumar , Sarvesh Rustagi , Abhay M. Gaidhane , Lara Jain , Sanjit Sah , Muhammed Shabil

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Oral cancer is the sixth most prevalent cancer globally, posing a significant health concern, especially in India, where it accounts for one-third of the global cases. Despite high incidence and mortality rates, comprehensive national and regional data on risk factors and trends are scarce.

Methods

This study analyzed data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 report, focusing on the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), mortality rate (ASMR), disability-adjusted life years (ASDR), and prevalence rate (ASPR) of oral cancer in India from 1990 to 2021. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess trends, and ARIMA models were applied to forecast future trends from 2022 to 2031.

Results

From 1990 to 2021, India experienced a moderate increase in oral cancer mortality, with ASMR rising from 5.32 to 5.92, reflecting an annual percentage change (APC) of 11.18 %. ASDR increased from 152.94 to 163.61 (APC of 6.98 %), and ASPR showed a marked rise from 15.71 to 25.46 (APC of 62.06 %). The burden varied significantly across states. Gender disparities were observed, with males consistently exhibiting higher incidence and mortality rates. ARIMA forecasts projected an upward trend in oral cancer metrics from 2022 to 2031, with ASIR expected to reach 10.15 per 100,000 and ASPR 29.38 per 100,000 by 2031.

Conclusions

The study reveals a persistent and growing burden of oral cancer in India, highlighting the influence of lifestyle and socioeconomic factors. Targeted strategies to mitigate risk behaviors, improve early detection, and address disparities are urgently needed to reduce the disease’s impact.

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国家和邦一级的口腔癌负担及相关风险因素：1990-2021 年印度全球疾病负担系统分析

背景口腔癌是全球发病率第六高的癌症，是一个重大的健康问题，尤其是在印度，占全球病例的三分之一。本研究分析了《2021 年全球疾病负担报告》（GBD）中的数据，重点关注 1990 年至 2021 年印度口腔癌的年龄标准化发病率（ASIR）、死亡率（ASMR）、残疾调整生命年（ASDR）和患病率（ASPR）。结果从 1990 年到 2021 年，印度的口腔癌死亡率适度上升，ASMR 从 5.32 上升到 5.92，反映了 11.18 % 的年百分比变化 (APC)。ASDR从152.94上升到163.61（年百分比变化率为6.98%），ASPR从15.71显著上升到25.46（年百分比变化率为62.06%）。各州的负担差异很大。性别差异明显，男性的发病率和死亡率一直较高。根据 ARIMA 预测，2022 年至 2031 年期间，口腔癌指标呈上升趋势，预计到 2031 年，ASIR 将达到每 10 万人 10.15 例，ASPR 将达到每 10 万人 29.38 例。为减少该疾病的影响，亟需采取有针对性的策略来减轻风险行为、提高早期检测率并解决差异问题。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Oral oncology 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

10.40%

发文量

505

审稿时长

20 days

期刊介绍： Oral Oncology is an international interdisciplinary journal which publishes high quality original research, clinical trials and review articles, editorials, and commentaries relating to the etiopathogenesis, epidemiology, prevention, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and management of patients with neoplasms in the head and neck. Oral Oncology is of interest to head and neck surgeons, radiation and medical oncologists, maxillo-facial surgeons, oto-rhino-laryngologists, plastic surgeons, pathologists, scientists, oral medical specialists, special care dentists, dental care professionals, general dental practitioners, public health physicians, palliative care physicians, nurses, radiologists, radiographers, dieticians, occupational therapists, speech and language therapists, nutritionists, clinical and health psychologists and counselors, professionals in end of life care, as well as others interested in these fields.