Psilocybin increases optimistic engagement over time: computational modelling of behaviour in rats.

IF 5.8 1区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY
Elizabeth L Fisher, Ryan Smith, Kyna Conn, Andrew W Corcoran, Laura K Milton, Jakob Hohwy, Claire J Foldi
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Psilocybin has shown promise as a novel pharmacological intervention for treatment of depression, where post-acute effects of psilocybin treatment have been associated with increased positive mood and decreased pessimism. Although psilocybin is proving to be effective in clinical trials for treatment of psychiatric disorders, the information processing mechanisms affected by psilocybin are not well understood. Here, we fit active inference and reinforcement learning computational models to a novel two-armed bandit reversal learning task capable of capturing engagement behaviour in rats. The model revealed that after receiving psilocybin, rats achieve more rewards through increased task engagement, mediated by modification of forgetting rates and reduced loss aversion. These findings suggest that psilocybin may afford an optimism bias that arises through altered belief updating, with translational potential for clinical populations characterised by lack of optimism.

随着时间的推移,迷幻药会增加乐观的参与度:对大鼠行为的计算建模。
作为治疗抑郁症的一种新型药理干预措施,迷幻药已显示出良好的前景,迷幻药治疗后的急性效应与积极情绪的增加和悲观情绪的减少有关。尽管在治疗精神疾病的临床试验中证明了迷幻药的有效性,但人们对迷幻药影响的信息处理机制还不甚了解。在这里,我们将主动推理和强化学习计算模型与能够捕捉大鼠参与行为的新型双臂匪徒逆向学习任务相结合。该模型显示,大鼠在接受迷幻药后会通过提高任务参与度获得更多奖励,而任务参与度的提高是由遗忘率的改变和损失厌恶的降低所促成的。这些研究结果表明,迷幻药可能会通过改变信念更新而产生乐观偏差,这对缺乏乐观情绪的临床人群具有转化潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.50
自引率
2.90%
发文量
484
审稿时长
23 weeks
期刊介绍: Psychiatry has suffered tremendously by the limited translational pipeline. Nobel laureate Julius Axelrod''s discovery in 1961 of monoamine reuptake by pre-synaptic neurons still forms the basis of contemporary antidepressant treatment. There is a grievous gap between the explosion of knowledge in neuroscience and conceptually novel treatments for our patients. Translational Psychiatry bridges this gap by fostering and highlighting the pathway from discovery to clinical applications, healthcare and global health. We view translation broadly as the full spectrum of work that marks the pathway from discovery to global health, inclusive. The steps of translation that are within the scope of Translational Psychiatry include (i) fundamental discovery, (ii) bench to bedside, (iii) bedside to clinical applications (clinical trials), (iv) translation to policy and health care guidelines, (v) assessment of health policy and usage, and (vi) global health. All areas of medical research, including — but not restricted to — molecular biology, genetics, pharmacology, imaging and epidemiology are welcome as they contribute to enhance the field of translational psychiatry.
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