In Vivo and In Vitro Approaches to Modeling Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome.

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

Current Cardiology Reports Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-28 DOI:10.1007/s11886-024-02122-6

Matthew Alonzo, Javier Contreras, Jakob Bering, Ming-Tao Zhao

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Abstract

Purpose of review: Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a critical congenital heart defect characterized by the underdevelopment of left-sided heart structures, leading to significant circulatory challenges, and necessitating multiple surgeries for survival. Despite advancements in surgical interventions, long-term outcomes often involve heart failure, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of HLHS pathogenesis. Current in vivo and in vitro models aim to recapitulate HLHS anatomy and physiology, yet they face limitations in accuracy and complexity.

Recent findings: In vivo models, including those in chick, lamb, and mouse, provide insights into hemodynamic and genetic factors influencing HLHS. In vitro models using human induced pluripotent stem cells offer valuable platforms for studying genetic mutations and cellular mechanisms. This review evaluates these models' utility and limitations, and proposes future directions for developing more sophisticated models to enhance our understanding and treatment of HLHS.

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左心发育不全综合征的体内和体外建模方法

审查目的：左心发育不全综合征（HLHS）是一种严重的先天性心脏缺陷，其特点是左侧心脏结构发育不全，导致严重的循环障碍，需要多次手术才能存活。尽管手术干预取得了进展，但长期结果往往是心力衰竭，这凸显了深入了解 HLHS 发病机制的必要性。目前的体内和体外模型旨在再现 HLHS 的解剖学和生理学，但它们在准确性和复杂性方面存在局限性：最近的发现：体内模型，包括小鸡、羔羊和小鼠模型，提供了影响 HLHS 的血液动力学和遗传因素的见解。使用人类诱导多能干细胞的体外模型为研究基因突变和细胞机制提供了宝贵的平台。本综述评估了这些模型的实用性和局限性，并提出了开发更复杂模型的未来方向，以加深我们对 HLHS 的理解和治疗。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Cardiology Reports CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS-

CiteScore

6.20

自引率

2.70%

发文量

209

期刊介绍： The aim of this journal is to provide timely perspectives from experts on current advances in cardiovascular medicine. We also seek to provide reviews that highlight the most important recently published papers selected from the wealth of available cardiovascular literature. We accomplish this aim by appointing key authorities in major subject areas across the discipline. Section editors select topics to be reviewed by leading experts who emphasize recent developments and highlight important papers published over the past year. An Editorial Board of internationally diverse members suggests topics of special interest to their country/region and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. We also provide commentaries from well-known figures in the field.