A Retrospective Study Distinguishing between Hyperacusis and Misophonia in children with Auditory Processing Disorder (APD)

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI:10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112119

Ansar Ahmmed, Sabarinath Vijayakumar

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

Decreased sound tolerance (DST) is common in children with auditory processing disorder (APD). This study aimed to differentiate between hyperacusis and misophonia in children with APD.

Design

A retrospective study evaluating outcomes of structured history and co-morbidity following Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) frame-work. Misophonia was considered as oversensitivity to eating/chewing sounds and hyperacusis as oversensitivity to other sounds.

Study sample

Two hundred and seventy-nine children (160 males; 119 females), 6-16 year-olds with NVIQ ≥80, diagnosed with APD between January 2021 and December 2022.

Results

One hundred and forty-three out of 279 children with APD had DST, of which 107 had hyperacusis (without misophonia) and 36 had misophonia. Misophonia co-existed with hyperacusis in 35 children (97 %), and in one child misophonia occurred without hyperacusis. Misophonia was prevalent in older children, in females, and those with tinnitus. Fear and being upset were predominant emotional responses in hyperacusis (without misophonia) while disgust and verbal abuse were prevalent in misophonia (with or without hyperacusis). Compared to children without DST, the hyperacusis (without misophonia) and misophonia (with or without hyperacusis) groups had significant higher prevalence of ADHD, anxiety, and language impairment. Educational difficulties were similar in APD irrespective of the presence or absence of DST. Despite higher tinnitus prevalence in misophonia (with or without hyperacusis) along with similar co-morbidities and educational difficulties in both hyperacusis (without misophonia) and misophonia (with or without hyperacusis), the misophonia (with or without hyperacusis) group surprisingly had less support at school which was reflected in fewer Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP).

Conclusions

In APD misophonia mostly co-exists with hyperacusis, with differences in emotional responses, tinnitus prevalence, and gender distribution when compared to hyperacusis (without misophonia). Increase in awareness about misophonia is needed, as children with misophonia may have unidentified needs. Larger scale prospective study is required to clarify if misophonia evolves from hyperacusis, and to explore the factors underlying ‘misophonia with hyperacusis’ and ‘misophonia without hyperacusis’. For clarity, DST studies need to specify if hyperacusis or misophonia co-existed when referring to hyperacusis or misophonia.

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区分听觉处理障碍（APD）儿童听力过强和失音的回顾性研究

目标听觉处理障碍（APD）儿童普遍存在声音耐受性降低（DST）的情况。本研究旨在区分听觉处理障碍儿童中的过度听力障碍和失音。研究样本2021年1月至2022年12月期间被诊断为APD的6至16岁儿童（160名男性；119名女性），NVIQ≥80。结果279名APD儿童中有143名患有DST，其中107名患有听力障碍（无失音），36名患有失音。有 35 名儿童（97%）患有听力障碍，其中有一名儿童患有听力障碍，但没有听力障碍。失音症主要发生在年龄较大的儿童、女性和有耳鸣的儿童身上。恐惧和不安是听力障碍儿童的主要情绪反应（不伴有失音），而厌恶和辱骂则是失音儿童的主要情绪反应（伴有或不伴有听力障碍）。与没有听力障碍的儿童相比，听力障碍过重（无听力障碍）组和听力障碍过轻（有或无听力障碍）组的多动症、焦虑症和语言障碍发病率明显更高。无论是否存在 DST，APD 患者在教育方面遇到的困难相似。尽管听力障碍（伴有或不伴有听力亢进）患者的耳鸣发生率较高，而且听力亢进（不伴有听力障碍）和听力障碍（伴有或不伴有听力亢进）患者的合并疾病和教育困难相似，但令人惊讶的是，听力障碍（伴有或不伴有听力亢进）组患者在学校获得的支持较少，这反映在较少的教育、健康和护理计划（EHCP）中。结论在自闭症患者中，失音症大多与听力障碍同时存在，与听力障碍（无失音症）相比，在情绪反应、耳鸣发生率和性别分布方面存在差异。需要提高对误听症的认识，因为患有误听症的儿童可能有一些未被发现的需求。需要进行更大规模的前瞻性研究，以明确失音症是否由听力障碍演变而来，并探讨 "伴有听力障碍的失音症 "和 "不伴有听力障碍的失音症 "的基本因素。为明确起见，DST 研究在提及听力过高或听力障碍时，需要说明是听力过高还是听力障碍同时存在。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.