Fluorescence capturing behaviour of cyanobacterial resilience: Insights into UV-exposed ecosystems and its environmental applications

Abstract

Cyanobacteria are resilient microorganisms and thrive in environments exposed to UV radiation, ranging from ocean surfaces to scorching hot springs and dry expanses. ‘Cyanobacterial Resilience’ refers to their ability to withstand UV radiation, revealing intricate genomic secrets and adaptive mechanisms ensuring survival. These mechanisms include metabolic adaptations, robust DNA repair systems and UV-protective compounds such as Scytonemin and Mycosporine, vital for shielding against UV radiation survival. Cyanobacteria are crucial pioneers in UV-exposed ecosystems, highlighting their resilience and adaptability. Some cyanobacteria exhibit luminescence, emitting blue-green light due to phycobiliproteins, while bioluminescence in cyanobacteria, if it occurs, involves different compounds rather than luciferins and luciferase enzymes. This luminescence holds promise for various biotechnological applications, such as biosensors, imaging probes and carbon sequestration, for participating in photocatalytic processes for water purification and CO₂ conversion, and contributes to solar simulation studies to advance photosynthesis and renewable energy technologies. The versatile applications of these materials highlight their ecological importance and potential in addressing global challenges. In conclusion, ‘Cyanobacterial Resilience’ highlights the remarkable adaptation strategies of cyanobacteria in UV-exposed environments. It emphasises their role as pioneers and innovators in biological and technological domains, providing insights into their enduring impact on ecosystems and scientific advancement.