Criminal legal system engagement among people who use drugs in Oregon following decriminalization of drug possession

IF 3.9 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Drug and alcohol dependence Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112449

Hope M. Smiley-McDonald , Esther Chung , Lynn D. Wenger , Morgan Godvin , Danielle Good , Gillian Leichtling , Erica N. Browne , Barrot H. Lambdin , Alex H. Kral

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

In February 2021, Measure 110 (M110) in Oregon decriminalized noncommercial possession of drugs. We examined criminal legal system (CLS) involvement of people who use drugs (PWUD) 2 years after decriminalization.

Methods

We conducted a quantitative survey of PWUD (N=468) in eight Oregon counties between March and November 2023. We ran multivariable models to examine predictors of CLS involvement and law enforcement stops.

Results

The majority of PWUD (74 %) reported any past year CLS involvement; 67 % had at least one law enforcement stop (mean of 11.4 and median of 3 law enforcement stops) and 33 % had at least one jail incarceration. Among PWUD whom law enforcement had found to possess drugs (n=101), 77 % had their drugs seized at least once, and 63 % (n=56) were taken into custody for charges that did not include drug use or possession at least once. Younger age, cisgender male identity, unstable housing, and nonurban county location were associated with a higher prevalence of any CLS involvement. PWUD who were unstably housed had 6.80 more law enforcement stops than housed PWUD (95 % CI: 4.03–9.57). PWUD in nonurban counties experienced 9.73 more law enforcement stops than those in urban areas (95 % CI: 4.90–14.56). No significant differences were found by race or ethnicity and CLS involvement. Only 13 % of PWUD were aware that all drugs had been decriminalized.

Conclusions

Despite drug decriminalization, the majority of PWUD in our study reported significant CLS engagement and limited M110 knowledge.

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持有毒品非刑罪化后俄勒冈州吸毒者参与刑事法律系统的情况

背景2021年2月，俄勒冈州110号法案（M110）将非商业性持有毒品非刑罪化。我们在 2023 年 3 月至 11 月期间对俄勒冈州 8 个县的吸毒者（468 人）进行了定量调查。结果大多数吸毒成瘾者（74%）报告说过去一年曾参与过 CLS；67% 的人至少被执法部门拦截过一次（平均 11.4 次，中位数为 3 次），33% 的人至少被监禁过一次。在被执法人员发现持有毒品的残疾人中（人数=101），77%的人至少有一次被没收毒品，63%的人至少有一次（人数=56）因不包括使用或持有毒品的指控而被拘留。年龄较小、顺性别男性身份、住房不稳定以及位于非城市县城与参与任何社区服务的流行率较高有关。与有住房的残疾人相比，住房不稳定的残疾人被执法部门拦截的次数多 6.80 次（95 % CI：4.03-9.57）。非城市县的残疾人比城市地区的残疾人多经历了 9.73 次执法拦截（95 % CI：4.90-14.56）。在种族或民族以及 CLS 参与度方面没有发现明显差异。只有 13% 的残疾人知道所有毒品都已非刑罪化。结论尽管毒品非刑罪化，但在我们的研究中，大多数残疾人都表示参与了大量的社区法律服务，对 M110 的了解有限。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Drug and alcohol dependence 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

7.10%

发文量

409

审稿时长

41 days

期刊介绍： Drug and Alcohol Dependence is an international journal devoted to publishing original research, scholarly reviews, commentaries, and policy analyses in the area of drug, alcohol and tobacco use and dependence. Articles range from studies of the chemistry of substances of abuse, their actions at molecular and cellular sites, in vitro and in vivo investigations of their biochemical, pharmacological and behavioural actions, laboratory-based and clinical research in humans, substance abuse treatment and prevention research, and studies employing methods from epidemiology, sociology, and economics.