Influenza Epidemiology and Vaccine Effectiveness Following Funded Influenza Vaccine in Queensland, Australia, 2022

IF 4.3 4区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI:10.1111/irv.70007

Ashish C. Shrestha, Emma Field, Dharshi Thangarajah, Ross Andrews, Robert S. Ware, Stephen B. Lambert

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

In 2022, publicly funded influenza vaccine was made available to all residents of Queensland, Australia. This study compared influenza epidemiology in 2022 with previous years (2017–2021) and estimated influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) during 2022.

Methods

The study involved a descriptive analysis of influenza notifications and a case–control study to estimate VE. Cases were notifications of laboratory-confirmed influenza, and controls were individuals who were test negative for COVID-19. Cases and controls were matched on age, postcode and specimen collection date. VE against hospitalisation was investigated by matching hospitalised cases to controls. Conditional logistic regression models were adjusted for sex.

Results

In 2022, Queensland experienced an early influenza season onset (April–May) and high case numbers (n = 45,311), compared to the previous 5 years (annual average: 29,364) and 2020–2021 (2020:6047; 2021:301) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adjusted VE (VE_adj) against laboratory-confirmed influenza was 39% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 37–41), highest for children aged 30 months to < 5 years (61%, 95% CI: 49–70) and lowest for adults aged ≥ 65 years (24%, 95% CI: 17–30). VE_adj against influenza-associated hospitalisation was 54% (95% CI: 48–59). Among children < 9 years of age, VE_adj against laboratory-confirmed influenza (55%, 95% CI: 49–61) and hospitalisation (67%, 95% CI: 39–82) was higher in those who received a complete dose schedule.

Conclusion

In Queensland, the 2022 influenza season started earlier than the previous 5 years. VE against influenza notifications varied across age groups. VE estimates against influenza-associated hospitalisation were higher than those against laboratory-confirmed influenza.

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2022 年澳大利亚昆士兰资助流感疫苗后的流感流行病学和疫苗效果

背景 2022 年，澳大利亚昆士兰州的所有居民均可接种政府资助的流感疫苗。本研究比较了2022年与往年（2017-2021年）的流感流行情况，并估算了2022年流感疫苗的有效性（VE）。方法该研究对流感通报进行了描述性分析，并通过病例对照研究估算了 VE。病例是实验室确诊的流感通报，对照组是COVID-19检测呈阴性的个人。病例和对照根据年龄、邮编和样本采集日期进行匹配。通过将住院病例与对照组进行配对，调查了VE与住院的关系。条件逻辑回归模型根据性别进行了调整。结果 2022年，昆士兰州的流感季节提前（4月至5月），病例数量较多（n = 45,311），而在COVID-19大流行期间，前5年（年平均：29,364）和2020-2021年（2020:6047; 2021:301）的病例数量较少。针对实验室确诊流感的调整VE（VEadj）为39%（95%置信区间[CI]：37-41），30个月至5岁儿童最高（61%，95% CI：49-70），≥65岁成人最低（24%，95% CI：17-30）。流感相关住院治疗的VEadj为54%（95% CI：48-59）。在9岁儿童中，接受完整剂量计划的儿童预防实验室确诊流感（55%，95% CI：49-61）和住院（67%，95% CI：39-82）的VEadj更高。结论在昆士兰，2022 年流感季节的开始时间早于前 5 年。不同年龄组的流感申报率各不相同。与实验室确诊的流感相比，流感相关住院治疗的VE估计值更高。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 医学-病毒学

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

4.50%

发文量

120

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is the official journal of the International Society of Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Diseases - an independent scientific professional society - dedicated to promoting the prevention, detection, treatment, and control of influenza and other respiratory virus diseases. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is an Open Access journal. Copyright on any research article published by Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is retained by the author(s). Authors grant Wiley a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher. Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.