Environmental risk estimation of potentially toxic metal(loid)s (PTMs) in fine particulate dust on the surface of children's playgrounds in parks

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Pollution Research Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI:10.1016/j.apr.2024.102319

Tong Zhu , Xinwei Lu , Zhenze Wang , Sijia Deng , Yingsen Zhang , Kai Lei , Shigang Chao , Bo Yu , Yufan Yang

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Abstract

To determine the priority control factors for risk control and management of potentially toxic metal(loid)s (PTMs) in fine particulate dust (FPD) on the surface of children's playgrounds in parks, a comprehensive study was conducted on the pollution, risks, and sources of 12 PTMs in the FPD, taking Xi'an, China as a case. The pollution, ecological and health risks of PTMs were assessed using Nemerow integrated enrichment factor, modified Nemerow integrated eco–risk index, and health risk evaluation model, combined with Monte Carlo simulation. The sources of PTMs in the FPD were quantitatively apportioned using a positive matrix factorization model. Priority control factors for PTMs risk control and management were determined based on the results of source–oriented pollution and risk assessment. The results showed that the average contents (mg kg⁻¹) of Cd (1.9), Cr (99.8), Cu (96.3), Hg (0.2), Pb (61.1), and Zn (239.4) in the FPD were considerably greater than local background values. The sources of PTMs in the FPD are industrial emission, coal combustion and medical activities, mixed source, and natural source, contributing 24.7%, 18.2%, 35.1%, and 22.1% to the total content of PTMs in the FPD, respectively. PTMs in the FPD posed a certain cancer risk to the elderly and children. Industrial emissions and mixed sources are priority control sources, while Cd and Cr are priority PTMs. It is recommended that local eco–environmental departments strengthen environmental monitoring of playgrounds, as well as management of industrial and transportation emissions, to ensure the health of residents.

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公园儿童游乐场表面微粒尘埃中潜在有毒金属（PTMs）的环境风险评估

为确定公园儿童游乐场所表面细颗粒物中潜在有毒金属（PTMs）风险控制与管理的优先控制因子，以中国西安为例，对公园儿童游乐场所表面细颗粒物中 12 种潜在有毒金属（PTMs）的污染、风险和来源进行了综合研究。采用内默罗综合富集因子、修正的内默罗综合生态风险指数和健康风险评价模型，结合蒙特卡罗模拟，对 PTMs 的污染、生态和健康风险进行了评估。采用正矩阵因式分解模型对 FPD 中的 PTMs 来源进行了定量分配。根据污染源导向和风险评估结果，确定了 PTMs 风险控制和管理的优先控制因子。结果表明，FPD 中镉 (1.9)、铬 (99.8)、铜 (96.3)、汞 (0.2)、铅 (61.1) 和锌 (239.4) 的平均含量（毫克/千克-1）大大高于当地背景值。在 FPD 中，PTMs 的来源包括工业排放、燃煤和医疗活动、混合来源和自然来源，分别占 FPD 中 PTMs 总含量的 24.7%、18.2%、35.1% 和 22.1%。FPD 中的 PTMs 对老人和儿童有一定的致癌风险。工业排放和混合源是优先控制源，而镉和铬则是优先控制的 PTMs。建议各地生态环境部门加强对游乐场所的环境监测，加强对工业和交通排放的管理，确保居民健康。

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来源期刊

Atmospheric Pollution Research ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-

CiteScore

8.30

自引率

6.70%

发文量

256

审稿时长

36 days

期刊介绍： Atmospheric Pollution Research (APR) is an international journal designed for the publication of articles on air pollution. Papers should present novel experimental results, theory and modeling of air pollution on local, regional, or global scales. Areas covered are research on inorganic, organic, and persistent organic air pollutants, air quality monitoring, air quality management, atmospheric dispersion and transport, air-surface (soil, water, and vegetation) exchange of pollutants, dry and wet deposition, indoor air quality, exposure assessment, health effects, satellite measurements, natural emissions, atmospheric chemistry, greenhouse gases, and effects on climate change.