Acid red dyes and the role of electrochemical sensors in their determination

Abstract

This review comprehensively examines the role of electrochemical sensors in the determination of acid red dyes, addressing the growing concerns over their potential health and environmental impacts. The paper explores the chemical properties, classification, and regulatory aspects of acid red dyes, highlighting the need for sensitive and selective detection methods. Electrochemical sensing techniques, including voltammetry, amperometry, and potentiometry, are discussed in detail, with a focus on various electrode materials and modification strategies. Recent advancements in nanomaterials, conductive polymers, and molecularly imprinted polymers have significantly enhanced sensor performance, enabling detection limits in the nanomolar range and wide linear dynamic ranges. The review critically evaluates the challenges faced in real-world applications, such as matrix effects and multiplexed detection, and provides insights into future research directions. Emphasis is placed on the potential for commercial applications, particularly in food safety, environmental monitoring, and industrial quality control. The paper concludes by highlighting the need for continued innovation in electrode design, signal processing, and sensor integration to meet the evolving demands of acid red dye analysis.