The biological function of extracellular vesicles in prostate cancer and their clinical application as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.

IF 7.7 2区医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY

Cancer and Metastasis Reviews Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-24 DOI:10.1007/s10555-024-10210-w

Patrizia Limonta, Sara Marchesi, Gaia Giannitti, Lavinia Casati, Fabrizio Fontana

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies and main causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. It is characterized by high heterogeneity, ranging from slow-growing tumor to metastatic disease. Since both therapy selection and outcome strongly rely on appropriate patient stratification, it is crucial to differentiate benign from more aggressive conditions using new and improved diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-coated particles carrying a specific biological cargo composed of nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Here, we provide an overview of the role of EVs in PCa, focusing on both their biological function and clinical value. Specifically, we summarize the oncogenic role of EVs in mediating the interactions with PCa microenvironment as well as the horizontal transfer of metastatic traits and drug resistance between PCa cells. Furthermore, we discuss the potential usage of EVs as innovative tools for PCa diagnosis and prognosis.

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前列腺癌细胞外囊泡的生物功能及其作为诊断和预后生物标志物的临床应用。

前列腺癌（PCa）是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，也是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。它具有高度异质性的特点，从生长缓慢的肿瘤到转移性疾病，不一而足。由于治疗方法的选择和疗效在很大程度上取决于对患者进行适当的分层，因此利用新的和改进的诊断和预后生物标志物来区分良性和侵袭性更强的疾病至关重要。细胞外囊泡（EVs）是一种膜包裹的颗粒，携带由核酸、蛋白质和代谢物组成的特定生物货物。在此，我们将概述EVs在PCa中的作用，重点关注其生物学功能和临床价值。具体来说，我们总结了 EVs 在介导与 PCa 微环境的相互作用以及 PCa 细胞间转移特征和耐药性的水平转移方面的致癌作用。此外，我们还讨论了将 EVs 作为 PCa 诊断和预后创新工具的潜在用途。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cancer and Metastasis Reviews 医学-肿瘤学

CiteScore

17.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Contemporary biomedical research is on the threshold of an era in which physiological and pathological processes can be analyzed in increasingly precise and mechanistic terms.The transformation of biology from a largely descriptive, phenomenological discipline to one in which the regulatory principles can be understood and manipulated with predictability brings a new dimension to the study of cancer and the search for effective therapeutic modalities for this disease. Cancer and Metastasis Reviews provides a forum for critical review and discussion of these challenging developments. A major function of the journal is to review some of the more important and interesting recent developments in the biology and treatment of malignant disease, as well as to highlight new and promising directions, be they technological or conceptual. Contributors are encouraged to review their personal work and be speculative.