Craniofacial features and incisor position design of esthetics population after orthodontic treatment.

Junxin Cheng, Yujie Zhu, Yuelin Li, Yingcheng Zheng, Jun Wang
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Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to provide craniofacial features and incisor position prediction models among esthetics population after orthodontic treatment.

Methods: A total of 338 patients with esthetic profiles were selected from 1 055 post-orthodontic adults based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and scored by five dental students. Mean values of cephalometric measurement were demonstrated with gender and sagittal skeletal pattern (ANB) differences assessed by generalized estimating equation. Correlations among age, skeletal, and soft tissue variables in different genders were determined. Multivariate analysis was used to assess the influence of skeletal and soft tissue variables on orthodontic incisor position.

Results: Within the esthetic cohort after orthodontic treatment, gender differences existed in cranial and mandibular length, mandibular rotation, protrusion of pogonion, inclination of maxillary incisors, upper lip thickness, lower 1/3 face height, and nose protrusion. However, in class Ⅰ malocclusion, the development of the chin showed no significance, whereas the protrusion of the lower lip significantly differed between genders, with less protrusion in males. In males, the protrusion of lip and chin varied among groups, with thinner basic upper lip thickness of class Ⅱ than class Ⅰ and greater lower lip height of class Ⅲ than class Ⅰ. In females, the protrusion and height of the upper lip and chin varied in groups, with thicker basic upper lip thickness of class Ⅲ than class Ⅰ. Upper lip thickness, female basic upper lip thickness, and female lower lip height were correlated with age. The protrusion of the upper lip was mainly correlated with posterior cranial base, mandibular body length, ANB in male and SNA, ANB, sagittal maxillary length, mandibular rotation, and protrusion of pogonion in female. The protrusion of the lower lip in males was mainly correlated with ramus height, mandibular rotation, protrusion of pogonion in male and ANB, mandibular rotation, and protrusion of pogonion in females. After employing skeletal variables to fit dental parameters, optimal results were achieved in male IMPA (adjusted R2=0.712) and female G Vert-U1 (adjusted R2=0.795). After employing skeletal and soft tissue variables simultaneously, optimal results were achieved in male and female G Vert-U1, which was mainly influenced by the protrusion of the chin and nasal base in males (adjusted R2=0.836) and the protrusion of the nasal base as well as ANB in females (adjusted R2=0.842).

Conclusions: This study demonstrated the craniofacial features of esthetics population after orthodontic treatment and revealed the correlation of gender, age, skeleton, and soft tissues to provide reliable prediction models for aesthetic orthodontic incisor position.

正畸治疗后美学人群的颅面特征和门牙位置设计。
研究目的本研究旨在为正畸治疗后的美学人群提供颅面特征和切牙位置预测模型:方法:根据纳入和排除标准,从 1 055 名正畸后成人中挑选出 338 名具有美学特征的患者,由五名牙科学生进行评分。头颅测量的平均值与性别和矢状骨骼形态(ANB)的差异通过广义估计方程进行评估。确定了不同性别的年龄、骨骼和软组织变量之间的相关性。采用多变量分析评估骨骼和软组织变量对正畸切牙位置的影响:结果:在正畸治疗后的美学队列中,颅骨和下颌骨长度、下颌骨旋转、舌骨前突、上颌切牙倾斜、上唇厚度、下1/3脸高和鼻前突等方面存在性别差异。然而,在Ⅰ类错颌畸形中,颏部发育无显著性差异,而下唇前突在性别上有显著性差异,男性前突较少。在男性中,唇和颏的突出在不同组间存在差异,基本上唇厚度Ⅱ类比Ⅰ类薄,下唇高度Ⅲ类比Ⅰ类大。雌性上唇和下巴的突度和高度在各组中有所不同,Ⅲ类的基本上唇厚度比Ⅰ类厚。上唇厚度、女性上唇基本厚度和女性下唇高度与年龄相关。男性上唇前突主要与后颅底、下颌骨体长、ANB相关,女性上唇前突主要与SNA、ANB、上颌骨矢状长、下颌骨旋转度、舌骨前突相关。男性的下唇突出主要与臼齿高度、下颌旋转、下颌舌骨突出相关,而女性的下唇突出主要与ANB、下颌旋转和下颌舌骨突出相关。采用骨骼变量拟合牙齿参数后,男性 IMPA(调整后 R2=0.712)和女性 G Vert-U1(调整后 R2=0.795)达到了最佳结果。同时采用骨骼和软组织变量后,男性和女性的 G Vert-U1 均达到最佳结果,其中男性主要受下巴和鼻根突出的影响(调整后 R2=0.836),女性主要受鼻根突出和 ANB 的影响(调整后 R2=0.842):本研究显示了正畸治疗后美学人群的颅面特征,揭示了性别、年龄、骨骼和软组织的相关性,为美学正畸切牙位置提供了可靠的预测模型。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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