Prolactin's paradox: Friend, foe, or both in immune regulation?

IF 9.2 1区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY

Autoimmunity reviews Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI:10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103643

Vânia Borba , Pedro Carrera-Bastos , Gisele Zandman-Goddard , Alejandro Lucia , Yehuda Shoenfeld

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Abstract

Over 100 diseases have been recognized as autoimmune in nature, collectively affecting ∼20 % of the population in industrialized countries. These conditions are more prevalent among women of childbearing age, reflecting the potential association between alterations in the immune-neuroendocrine network, on the one hand, and autoimmune conditions, on the other. Prolactin (PRL), a polypeptide hormone that is primarily (but not only) secreted by the lactotrophic cells of the pituitary gland, is a critical element of the immune-neuroendocrine network. Although this hormone has several nonimmune functions, its role in regulating immune responses and affecting autoimmune inflammation is particularly enigmatic and controversial. Indeed, PRL interacts with various immune cells to bolster the body defenses, but also potentially to exacerbate autoimmune conditions. Understanding how and when PRL acts as a ‘friend or foe’ is crucial for unraveling its role as a potential therapeutic target in the management of autoimmune diseases (AIDs). This review therefore provides a critical overview of PRL's role in the immune system, and of the influence of this pleiotropic hormone in the development of autoimmunity.

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催乳素的悖论：在免疫调节中是敌是友？

有 100 多种疾病被认为是自身免疫性疾病，在工业化国家中，约有 20% 的人患有这些疾病。这些疾病在育龄妇女中更为普遍，反映了免疫-神经内分泌网络的改变与自身免疫疾病之间的潜在联系。催乳素（PRL）是一种多肽激素，主要（但不只是）由垂体的泌乳细胞分泌，是免疫-神经内分泌网络的一个关键要素。虽然这种激素具有多种非免疫功能，但它在调节免疫反应和影响自身免疫性炎症方面的作用却尤为神秘和具有争议性。事实上，PRL 可与各种免疫细胞相互作用，增强机体防御能力，但也有可能加剧自身免疫性疾病。了解 PRL 如何以及何时充当 "敌友"，对于揭示其作为潜在治疗靶点在自身免疫性疾病（AIDs）治疗中的作用至关重要。因此，本综述对 PRL 在免疫系统中的作用以及这种多效应激素在自身免疫发展过程中的影响进行了重要概述。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Autoimmunity reviews 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

24.70

自引率

4.40%

发文量

164

审稿时长

21 days

期刊介绍： Autoimmunity Reviews is a publication that features up-to-date, structured reviews on various topics in the field of autoimmunity. These reviews are written by renowned experts and include demonstrative illustrations and tables. Each article will have a clear "take-home" message for readers. The selection of articles is primarily done by the Editors-in-Chief, based on recommendations from the international Editorial Board. The topics covered in the articles span all areas of autoimmunology, aiming to bridge the gap between basic and clinical sciences. In terms of content, the contributions in basic sciences delve into the pathophysiology and mechanisms of autoimmune disorders, as well as genomics and proteomics. On the other hand, clinical contributions focus on diseases related to autoimmunity, novel therapies, and clinical associations. Autoimmunity Reviews is internationally recognized, and its articles are indexed and abstracted in prestigious databases such as PubMed/Medline, Science Citation Index Expanded, Biosciences Information Services, and Chemical Abstracts.