A simple and accurate method for the determination of Rh, Pd, and Pt in e-waste and spent automotive catalysts using HR-CS FAAS for assessing the value of secondary raw materials.

IF 5.6 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Talanta Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-14 DOI:10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126894

Magda Zabielska-Konopka, Elżbieta Zambrzycka-Szelewa, Zofia Kowalewska, Beata Godlewska-Żyłkiewicz

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This work presents a simple and accurate method for the fast sequential determination of Rh, Pd, and Pt in spent automotive catalysts and e-wastes using high-resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry (HR-CS FAAS). Extensive research was carried out in model systems on the impact of potential interfering substances on analyte's signals measured in two types of flame (air-C₂H₂ and N₂O-C₂H₂). Mutual analyte interactions were also taken into account. Different background corrections offered by the HR-CS AAS spectrometer were tested to obtain interference-free analyte signals and the best detectability. Using an air-C₂H₂ flame and 1 % La solution as a spectrochemical buffer provided good sensitivity and accurate determinations of Rh, Pd, and Pt using a simple calibration graph. Microwave-assisted leaching of PGE from waste samples with aqua regia at 240 °C for 60 min efficiently leached all target metals, which significantly simplified and shortened the sample preparation step. The detectability of the method (detection limit of 0.4, 0.6, and 5 mg kg^-1 for Rh, Pd, and Pt, respectively) and precision (< 7 %) were satisfactory. The accuracy of the method was confirmed by analysis of certified reference materials (spent automotive catalyst (ERM-EB504), electronic scrap (BAM-M505a)), and calculated zeta score values. The recoveries for Rh, Pd, and Pt in ERM-EB504 were 93, 101, and 96 %, respectively, and for Pd in BAM-M505a, 97 %. The developed method can be used to assess the value of secondary raw materials, such as various types of spent catalysts and e-waste containing Rh, Pd, and Pt.

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利用 HR-CS FAAS 方法测定电子废弃物和废汽车催化剂中的 Rh、Pd 和 Pt，简单准确，可用于评估二次原材料的价值。

本研究采用高分辨率连续源火焰原子吸收光谱法（HR-CS FAAS），对废汽车催化剂和电子废料中的 Rh、Pd 和 Pt 进行了简单而准确的快速连续测定。在模型系统中就潜在干扰物质对在两种火焰（空气-C2H2 和 N2O-C2H2）中测量的分析物信号的影响进行了广泛研究。分析物之间的相互影响也被考虑在内。对 HR-CS AAS 光谱仪提供的不同背景校正进行了测试，以获得无干扰的分析信号和最佳的可检测性。使用空气-C2H2 火焰和 1 % La 溶液作为光谱化学缓冲液，可提供良好的灵敏度，并通过简单的校准图准确测定 Rh、Pd 和 Pt。用王水在 240 °C 下对废物样品中的 PGE 进行微波辅助沥滤 60 分钟，可有效沥滤所有目标金属，从而大大简化和缩短了样品制备步骤。该方法的检出限（Rh、Pd 和 Pt 的检出限分别为 0.4、0.6 和 5 mg kg-1）和精密度（< 7%）均令人满意。该方法的准确性通过分析认证参考材料（废汽车催化剂 (ERM-EB504)、电子废料 (BAM-M505a)）和计算的 zeta 分数值得到了证实。ERM-EB504中Rh、Pd和Pt的回收率分别为93%、101%和96%，BAM-M505a中Pd的回收率为97%。所开发的方法可用于评估二次原材料的价值，如含有 Rh、Pd 和 Pt 的各类废催化剂和电子垃圾。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Talanta 化学-分析化学

CiteScore

12.30

自引率

4.90%

发文量

861

审稿时长

29 days

期刊介绍： Talanta provides a forum for the publication of original research papers, short communications, and critical reviews in all branches of pure and applied analytical chemistry. Papers are evaluated based on established guidelines, including the fundamental nature of the study, scientific novelty, substantial improvement or advantage over existing technology or methods, and demonstrated analytical applicability. Original research papers on fundamental studies, and on novel sensor and instrumentation developments, are encouraged. Novel or improved applications in areas such as clinical and biological chemistry, environmental analysis, geochemistry, materials science and engineering, and analytical platforms for omics development are welcome. Analytical performance of methods should be determined, including interference and matrix effects, and methods should be validated by comparison with a standard method, or analysis of a certified reference material. Simple spiking recoveries may not be sufficient. The developed method should especially comprise information on selectivity, sensitivity, detection limits, accuracy, and reliability. However, applying official validation or robustness studies to a routine method or technique does not necessarily constitute novelty. Proper statistical treatment of the data should be provided. Relevant literature should be cited, including related publications by the authors, and authors should discuss how their proposed methodology compares with previously reported methods.