Efficacy of vaccination during pregnancy in reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants younger than 12 months. Puglia (Italy), 2021-23.

IF 4.8 4区 医学
Cesare De Virgilio Suglia,Pasquale Stefanizzi,Giusy Graziano,Lorenza Moscara,Arianna Delle Fontane,Martina Minelli,Silvio Tafuri
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Abstract

This retrospective cohort study evaluated the effectiveness of maternal vaccination against COVID-19 in reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants younger than 12 months. The study, conducted at the "Policlinico" University Hospital of Bari, included 3346 newborns and their mothers. The study explored the degree of protection offered by maternal vaccination depending on the timing, type, and trimester of vaccination, also taking into account the mother's history of infection. We compared the incidence rate of infection between children of vaccinated and unvaccinated mothers; the values were 10.2% and 18.1%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant. The overall effectiveness of the vaccine against the infection was 45%. Further analysis revealed increasing efficacy as the doses of vaccine administered to the mother increased and in case of a previous history of maternal infection. Dual immune stimulation (vaccination and natural infection) was 83% effective in preventing infection among newborns. The multivariable models confirmed the protective effect of vaccination with all types of vaccines used. The analysis of infection's incidence in newborns revealed an interesting temporal trend, with increasing incidence with time, suggesting a possible correlation with the persistence of maternal antibodies or with the gradual weaning. The results on the protective capacity of vaccines are in line with the global literature. Strengths of study include sample size, robust methodology, and multivariate analyses. Institutions could intensify awareness campaigns to encourage both pregnant women and all those who would like to become pregnant to receive SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
孕期接种疫苗对降低 12 个月以下婴儿感染 SARS-CoV-2 的风险的效果。普利亚(意大利),2021-23。
这项回顾性队列研究评估了产妇接种 COVID-19 疫苗对降低 12 个月以下婴儿感染 SARS-CoV-2 风险的有效性。这项研究在巴里 "Policlinico "大学医院进行,共有 3346 名新生儿及其母亲参加。这项研究探讨了母亲接种疫苗的保护程度,这取决于接种疫苗的时间、类型和孕期,同时也考虑到了母亲的感染史。我们比较了接种疫苗和未接种疫苗母亲的子女的感染率,其数值分别为 10.2% 和 18.1%,差异具有统计学意义。疫苗对感染的总体有效率为 45%。进一步的分析表明,随着母亲接种疫苗剂量的增加,以及母亲曾有过感染史,疫苗的有效性也会增加。双重免疫刺激(疫苗接种和自然感染)对预防新生儿感染的有效率为 83%。多变量模型证实了接种所有类型疫苗的保护效果。对新生儿感染率的分析发现了一个有趣的时间趋势,即感染率随着时间的推移而增加,这表明可能与母体抗体的持续存在或逐渐断奶有关。关于疫苗保护能力的研究结果与全球文献一致。研究的优点包括样本量大、方法稳健和多变量分析。医疗机构可以加强宣传活动,鼓励孕妇和所有希望怀孕的妇女接种 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗。
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来源期刊
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY-IMMUNOLOGY
自引率
8.30%
发文量
0
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: (formerly Human Vaccines; issn 1554-8619) Vaccine research and development is extending its reach beyond the prevention of bacterial or viral diseases. There are experimental vaccines for immunotherapeutic purposes and for applications outside of infectious diseases, in diverse fields such as cancer, autoimmunity, allergy, Alzheimer’s and addiction. Many of these vaccines and immunotherapeutics should become available in the next two decades, with consequent benefit for human health. Continued advancement in this field will benefit from a forum that can (A) help to promote interest by keeping investigators updated, and (B) enable an exchange of ideas regarding the latest progress in the many topics pertaining to vaccines and immunotherapeutics. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics provides such a forum. It is published monthly in a format that is accessible to a wide international audience in the academic, industrial and public sectors.
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