Life-Cycle Analysis of Natural Treatment Systems for Wastewater (NTSW) Applied to Municipal Effluents

IF 3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Water Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI:10.3390/w16182653

Nicolau Chirinza, Federico A. Leon Zerpa, Paulino Muguirrima, Tania del Pino García, Gilberto Martel Rodriguez, Camila Gutierrez, Carlos A. Mendieta Pino

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The objective of the described activity is to develop technologies or proposals that can be implemented within the cycle to enhance the relationship between climate change, water, energy, and food. The focus is on analyzing natural treatment systems for wastewater (NTSW) within the context of Macaronesia, considering factors such as life-cycle assessment (LCA), carbon footprint, impacts, and mitigation capacity. The analysis of real case data from the Canary Islands and Cape Verde will inform the development of appropriate technologies tailored to different areas and scales within Macaronesia. This work includes a comprehensive life-cycle analysis of the Santa Catarina (Cape Verde) NTSW. This analysis encompasses: (a) Inventory analysis of the construction phase: This involves the assessment of inputs and outputs associated with the construction of the NTSW, including materials, energy consumption, transportation, and waste generation. The maintenance and operation phases are then evaluated, with a focus on the ongoing maintenance and operation activities required for the NTSW, including energy consumption, water usage, chemical inputs (if any), labor, and equipment maintenance. (b) Finally, the impacts of the NTSW are evaluated. The environmental, social, and economic impacts generated by the NTSW are assessed. This includes an analysis of factors such as carbon emissions, water usage, land use, ecosystem impacts, human health effects, and economic costs. By conducting a comprehensive analysis of the Santa Catarina NTSW, the document aims to provide insights into the environmental performance and sustainability of the system. This information can then be used as a tool and experience of educational innovation for final-year undergraduate students to identify areas for improvement, develop mitigation strategies in the water sector, and inform decision-making processes regarding wastewater treatment technologies in Macaronesia. Furthermore, lessons learned from real case studies in the Canary Islands and Cape Verde can be applied to similar regions within the Macaronesia archipelago (IDIWATER project).

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应用于市政污水的废水自然处理系统（NTSW）的生命周期分析

所述活动的目标是开发可在周期内实施的技术或建议，以加强气候变化、水、能源和粮食之间的关系。重点是分析马卡罗内西亚的废水自然处理系统（NTSW），考虑生命周期评估（LCA）、碳足迹、影响和减缓能力等因素。对加那利群岛和佛得角实际案例数据的分析将为开发适合马卡罗内西亚不同地区和规模的适当技术提供信息。这项工作包括对圣卡塔琳娜（佛得角）NTSW 进行全面的生命周期分析。该分析包括：(a) 施工阶段的清单分析：这包括评估与建造 NTSW 有关的投入和产出，包括材料、能源消耗、运输和废物产生。然后对维护和运行阶段进行评估，重点是核动力源临时停机坪所需的持续维护和运行活动，包括能源消耗、用水、化学品投入（如有）、劳动力和设备维护。(b) 最后，对 NTSW 的影响进行评估。对 NTSW 产生的环境、社会和经济影响进行评估。这包括对碳排放、用水、土地使用、生态系统影响、人类健康影响和经济成本等因素的分析。通过对圣卡塔琳娜州 NTSW 进行全面分析，本文件旨在深入了解该系统的环境绩效和可持续性。这些信息可作为本科毕业学生教育创新的工具和经验，用于确定需要改进的领域，制定水领域的缓解战略，并为有关马卡隆西亚废水处理技术的决策过程提供信息。此外，从加那利群岛和佛得角的实际案例研究中汲取的经验教训可用于马卡罗内西亚群岛的类似地区（IDIWATER 项目）。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Water WATER RESOURCES-

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

14.70%

发文量

3491

审稿时长

19.85 days

期刊介绍： Water (ISSN 2073-4441) is an international and cross-disciplinary scholarly journal covering all aspects of water including water science and technology, and the hydrology, ecology and management of water resources. It publishes regular research papers, critical reviews and short communications, and there is no restriction on the length of the papers. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be provided for research articles. Computed data or files regarding the full details of the experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material.