Diving into Diversity: The Complex Evolutionary History and Species Richness of the ‘sawfin barbs’ from Lake Edward and Adjacent Systems

IF 16.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Heleen Maetens, Eva Decru, Arthur François Boom, Nathan Vranken, Maarten Van Steenberge, Jos Snoeks
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Abstract

Enteromius Cope, 1867 is a species-rich genus of small cyprinids endemic to Africa, which includes the ‘sawfin barbs’. This study explored the species diversity of this group within the Lake Edward system, including adjacent areas that belong to the Lakes Albert and Victoria systems. We used a multifaceted approach encompassing mitochondrial and nuclear DNA analyses, including a molecular clock analysis, and morphometrics. Additionally, broader regional relationships were investigated by including ‘sawfin barbs’ from other parts of the East Coast ichthyofaunal province and the Nile Basin, and from the Congo Basin, into the molecular analyses. In contrast to the previously reported three species from the Lake Edward system and adjacent areas, the results showed a fourfold increase in the number of species, thereby indicating that the three species actually constituted species complexes. Within these complexes, a consistent geographic pattern unfolded: if one species occurred at higher altitudes of the Lake Edward system, another closely related species occupied lower altitudes near Lakes Edward and George. This geographic consistency suggested an allopatric mode of speciation. Intriguingly, the revealed Pliocene-Pleistocene origin of nearly all species of ‘sawfin barbs’ from the Lake Edward system and neighbouring regions largely predated the important geological events that reshaped the hydrology in the western rift. This study offers a more detailed insight into the evolutionary patterns of the African small barbs representing a very high and unrecognized species diversity, accompanied by little morphological but high genetic divergence between species, indicating intriguingly old species origins.

Abstract Image

潜入多样性:爱德华湖及邻近水系 "锯鳍倒刺鱼 "的复杂进化史和物种丰富性
Enteromius Cope, 1867 是非洲特有的小型鲤科鱼类,物种丰富,其中包括 "锯鳍倒刺鱼"。本研究探讨了爱德华湖水系(包括属于艾伯特湖和维多利亚湖水系的邻近地区)中该类的物种多样性。我们采用了多方面的方法,包括线粒体和核 DNA 分析(包括分子钟分析)以及形态计量学。此外,通过将来自东海岸鱼类区和尼罗河流域其他地区以及刚果河流域的 "锯鳍倒刺 "纳入分子分析,研究了更广泛的区域关系。与之前报告的爱德华湖水系及邻近地区的三个物种相比,结果显示物种数量增加了四倍,从而表明这三个物种实际上构成了物种复合体。在这些复合体中,出现了一致的地理模式:如果一个物种出现在爱德华湖水系的较高海拔地区,那么另一个密切相关的物种则占据了爱德华湖和乔治湖附近的较低海拔地区。这种地理上的一致性表明了物种的同域模式。耐人寻味的是,爱德华湖水系及邻近地区的几乎所有 "锯鳍倒刺 "物种被揭示的上新世-更新世起源在很大程度上早于重塑西部裂谷水文的重要地质事件。这项研究更详细地揭示了非洲小倒刺的进化模式,其物种多样性非常高且尚未得到认可,物种之间形态差异小,但遗传差异大,表明物种起源古老,令人好奇。
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来源期刊
Accounts of Chemical Research
Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
31.40
自引率
1.10%
发文量
312
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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