The complexity of immune evasion mechanisms throughout the metastatic cascade

IF 27.7 1区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY

Nature Immunology Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI:10.1038/s41590-024-01960-4

Nicole M. Haynes, Thomas B. Chadwick, Belinda S. Parker

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Abstract

Metastasis, the spread of cancer from a primary site to distant organs, is an important challenge in oncology. This Review explores the complexities of immune escape mechanisms used throughout the metastatic cascade to promote tumor cell dissemination and affect organotropism. Specifically, we focus on adaptive plasticity of disseminated epithelial tumor cells to understand how they undergo phenotypic transitions to survive microenvironmental conditions encountered during metastasis. The interaction of tumor cells and their microenvironment is analyzed, highlighting the local and systemic effects that innate and adaptive immune systems have in shaping an immunosuppressive milieu to foster aggressive metastatic tumors. Effectively managing metastatic disease demands a multipronged approach to target the parallel and sequential mechanisms that suppress anti-tumor immunity. This management necessitates a deep understanding of the complex interplay between tumor cells, their microenvironment and immune responses that we provide with this Review. This Review on the interplay between the immune system and metastasis is part of our wider Series of Reviews on Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy.

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整个转移级联过程中免疫逃避机制的复杂性

转移是指癌症从原发部位扩散到远处器官，是肿瘤学的一项重要挑战。本综述探讨了在整个转移级联过程中用于促进肿瘤细胞扩散和影响器官生长的免疫逃逸机制的复杂性。具体而言，我们将重点关注播散的上皮肿瘤细胞的适应性可塑性，以了解它们是如何经历表型转换以在转移过程中遇到的微环境条件下存活下来的。我们分析了肿瘤细胞与其微环境的相互作用，强调了先天性免疫系统和适应性免疫系统在形成免疫抑制环境以促进侵袭性转移性肿瘤方面的局部和全身效应。有效治疗转移性疾病需要多管齐下，针对抑制抗肿瘤免疫的并行和连续机制。这种管理需要深入了解肿瘤细胞、其微环境和免疫反应之间复杂的相互作用，我们将在这篇综述中提供这方面的信息。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nature Immunology 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

40.00

自引率

2.30%

发文量

248

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Nature Immunology is a monthly journal that publishes the highest quality research in all areas of immunology. The editorial decisions are made by a team of full-time professional editors. The journal prioritizes work that provides translational and/or fundamental insight into the workings of the immune system. It covers a wide range of topics including innate immunity and inflammation, development, immune receptors, signaling and apoptosis, antigen presentation, gene regulation and recombination, cellular and systemic immunity, vaccines, immune tolerance, autoimmunity, tumor immunology, and microbial immunopathology. In addition to publishing significant original research, Nature Immunology also includes comments, News and Views, research highlights, matters arising from readers, and reviews of the literature. The journal serves as a major conduit of top-quality information for the immunology community.