Scoping Review for the Adaptation of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to the Arab Culture

Abstract

Psychological interventions are important tools for addressing different mental disorders around the world, and considering cultural diversity during the implementation of psychological intervention may lead to improved outcomes. This scoping review updates on the knowledge about the cultural adaptation of cognitive behavioral therapy in the Arab world. This study included 21 studies about the cultural adaptation of cognitive behavioral therapy and other types of psychological interventions that have been implemented for Arab people. The sources of information were PUBMED, Web of Science Journal, CINHA, and search engine Google. For scoping review, the PRISMA-ScR framework was followed. The results showed that the process of cultural adaptation of CBT for Arab people focused on the following stages: (1) define the target group, (2) review the literature and select content, (3) feedback from stakeholders, (4) producing a guide for adaptation, (5) translation and adaptation process, (6) testing process for the adapted tools, and (7) final refinement. The process of cultural adaptation for CBT was superficial and focused on the content but not on the context. In addition, the cultural adaption process for CBT for Arab people focused on three major areas: (1) cultural awareness, (2) assessment and engagement, and (3) technique modification.