Distribution of Chlamydia trachomatis ompA-genotypes over three decades in Portugal

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Sexually Transmitted Infections Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI:10.1136/sextrans-2024-056166

Zohra Lodhia, Dora Cordeiro, Cristina Correia, Inês João, Teresa Carreira, Luís Vieira, Alexandra Nunes, Rita Ferreira, Sandra Schäfer, Elzara Aliyeva, Clara Portugal, Isabel Monge, Maria Ana Pessanha, Cristina Toscano, Rita Côrte-Real, Marília Antunes, Joao Paulo Gomes, Vítor Borges, Maria José Borrego

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives Chlamydia trachomatis is classified into 15 major genotypes, A to L3, based on the diversity of ompA gene. Here, we evaluated and characterised the distribution and diversity of ompA -genotypes over 32 years (1990–2021) in Portugal. Methods The collection of the Portuguese National Reference Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted Infections includes 5824 C . trachomatis -positive samples that were successfully ompA -genotyped between 1990 and 2021. An in-depth analysis of ompA -genotypes distribution across the years, as well as by biological sex, age and anatomical site of infection was performed. Results ompA -genotype E was consistently the most frequently detected across the years, with a median frequency of 34.6%, followed by D/Da (17.6%), F (14.3%) and G (10.7%). The prevalence of lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) genotypes (mostly L2, 62.0%, followed by L2b, 32.1%) increased since 2016, reaching the highest value in 2019 (20.9%). LGV, G and Da genotypes were associated with biological sex, specifically with being male, and were the most frequent among anorectal specimens (37.7%, 19.4% and 17.7%, respectively). Notably, LGV ompA -genotypes represented 38.9% of the male anorectal specimens since 2016, and were also detected among oropharynx and urogenital samples. ompA -genotype E was the most frequently detected at the oropharynx (28.6%) and urogenital (33.9%) sites during the study period, followed by D/Da (17.4%) and F (16.0%) in the urogenital specimens, and by G (26.1%) and D/Da (25.7%) in oropharynx specimens. Our data also highlight the emergence of the recombinant L2b/D-Da strain since 2017 (representing between 2.0% and 15.5% of LGV cases per year) and the non-negligible detection of ompA -genotype B in urogenital and anorectal specimens. Conclusions This study provides a comprehensive landscape of C. trachomatis molecular surveillance in Portugal, highlighting the continued relevance of ompA -genotyping as a complement to rapid LGV-specific detection tests. It also contributes to a deeper understanding of C. trachomatis epidemiology, diversity and pathogenicity. Data are available in a public, open access repository. .

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三十年来葡萄牙沙眼衣原体 ompA 基因型的分布情况

目的根据 ompA 基因的多样性，沙眼衣原体可分为 15 种主要基因型（A 至 L3）。在此，我们对葡萄牙 32 年来（1990-2021 年）ombA 基因型的分布和多样性进行了评估和描述。方法葡萄牙国家性传播感染参考实验室收集了 5824 份沙眼衣原体阳性样本，这些样本在 1990 年至 2021 年间成功进行了 ompA 基因分型。对不同年份的 ompA 基因型分布以及生物性别、年龄和感染解剖部位进行了深入分析。结果 ompA 基因型 E 始终是各年中最常检测到的，频率中位数为 34.6%，其次是 D/Da（17.6%）、F（14.3%）和 G（10.7%）。淋巴肉芽肿（LGV）基因型（主要是 L2，62.0%，其次是 L2b，32.1%）的流行率自 2016 年以来有所上升，在 2019 年达到最高值（20.9%）。LGV、G和Da基因型与生理性别有关，特别是与男性有关，在肛门直肠标本中最为常见（分别为37.7%、19.4%和17.7%）。值得注意的是，自 2016 年以来，LGV ompA 基因型在男性肛门直肠标本中占 38.9%，在口咽和泌尿生殖系统标本中也有检出。6%）和泌尿生殖器（33.9%）部位，其次是泌尿生殖器标本中的 D/Da（17.4%）和 F（16.0%），以及口咽部标本中的 G（26.1%）和 D/Da（25.7%）。我们的数据还突显了自 2017 年以来重组 L2b/D-Da 菌株的出现（占每年 LGV 病例的 2.0% 至 15.5%），以及在泌尿生殖器和肛门直肠标本中不可忽略的 ompA 基因型 B 的检测。结论本研究提供了葡萄牙沙眼衣原体分子监测的全面情况，强调了 ompA 基因分型作为 LGV 特异性快速检测试验的补充仍具有重要意义。它还有助于加深对沙眼衣原体流行病学、多样性和致病性的了解。数据可在公开、开放的资源库中获取。.

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来源期刊

Sexually Transmitted Infections 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

8.30%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Sexually Transmitted Infections is the world’s longest running international journal on sexual health. It aims to keep practitioners, trainees and researchers up to date in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of all STIs and HIV. The journal publishes original research, descriptive epidemiology, evidence-based reviews and comment on the clinical, public health, sociological and laboratory aspects of sexual health from around the world. We also publish educational articles, letters and other material of interest to readers, along with podcasts and other online material. STI provides a high quality editorial service from submission to publication.