449. CAN LARGE ANASTOMOTIC LEAKAGE AFTER ESOPHAGEAL SURGERY BE TREATED BY ENDOLUMINAL VACUUM-ASSISTED CLOSURE (EVAC THERAPY)?: A CASE REPORT

Abstract

Background Anastomotic leakage after esophageal surgery is a deadly complication which approach is still under debate. The high morbimortality of the surgical approach has led to debate whether there are any alternative treatments. The appropriate strategy is based on many factors that include patient’s general conditions, size of anastomotic leakage and diagnosis delay. EVAC (Endoscopic vacuum assisted wound closure) is an emerging technique to treat these patients that can be placed either into the cavity or in the lumen under endoscopic guidance. It is then connected to a negative continuous pressure of 75-125mmhg and then reviewed after 3-4 days. Methods A 62-year-old man with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, followed by a minimally invasive Mckeown esophagectomy. On the fourth postoperative day, inflammatory indexes increased, and a CT scan showed an anastomotic leakage. It was decided to perform an endoscopy that showed that the leakage was about 70% of the anastomosis opening to a wound cavity of 5cm with necrotic tissue and fibrosis. Due to the clinical stability of the patient, it was decided to treat the anastomotic leakage conservatively by EVAC therapy. Results To start the EVAC therapy a polyurethane sponge was placed in the cavity via an overtube during the first endoscopy. The patient underwent a total of 14 EVAC sessions over 85 days. As we performed the sessions, healthy granulation tissue appeared leading the leakage and the cavity size to progressively improve. After the 13th session, the endoscopic evaluation showed a healed anastomosis. A CT scan with oral contrast was performed showing leak resolution. The patient started oral intake and was discharged after four days. Conclusions Treatment of anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy is still challenging and presenting high morbidity. The appropriate strategy needs to be individualized. Although surgical reintervention was the classical approach for these patients, new strategies have appeared like the EVAC. It is a promising option to improve the outcome of patients with transmural leakages who would otherwise require surgery. It has demonstrated that it is a reliable, safe and effective treatment.