Why Honor Heroes? Praise as a Social Signal

Abstract

Heroes are people who perform costly altruistic acts. Few people turn out to be heroes, but most people spontaneously honor heroes overtly by commenting, applauding, or enthusiastically celebrating their deeds. This behavior seems odd from an individual fitness optimization perspective. The best strategy should be to rely on others to invest time and effort in celebrations. To explain the universal propensity to pay tribute, we propose that public admiration is a way for admirers to signal that they are committed to the same values as the hero. We show that the emergence of heroic acts is an expected side-effect of this propensity.