Fragmentation impacts may be mixed for conservation but generally bad for restoration

IF 2.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Kevin Watts, Samuel Hughes
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Abstract

The influence of fragmentation per se on biodiversity is hotly debated, with evidence of negative, neutral, or even positive effects after controlling for habitat amount. Principles from this debate are often used to inform biodiversity conservation in remnant habitat fragments but are rarely considered in a restoration context. Habitat restoration is essential to work alongside conservation and reverse biodiversity declines. Although restored habitats vary along a similar fragmentation gradient to remnant patches, the importance of different processes likely varies. Communities in remnant patches are largely determined by existing populations, while communities in restored patches are shaped by colonization from nearby populations. We illustrate how fragmentation per se can have variable outcomes for biodiversity depending on whether habitat is conserved or restored. The fragmentation debate, in its current form, has limited application for restoration ecology, and we emphasize the need for ecologists and conservationists to consider the directionality of the fragmentation process.
破碎化对保护的影响可能有好有坏,但总体上对恢复不利
破碎化本身对生物多样性的影响引起了激烈的争论,有证据表明,在控制栖息地数量后,破碎化会产生负面、中性甚至正面的影响。争论中得出的原则经常被用来指导残存生境片段的生物多样性保护工作,但却很少在生境恢复的背景下加以考虑。生境恢复对于保护和扭转生物多样性衰退至关重要。虽然恢复后的栖息地与残留斑块的破碎化梯度相似,但不同过程的重要性可能有所不同。残留斑块中的群落主要由现有种群决定,而恢复斑块中的群落则由附近种群的定殖形成。我们说明了破碎化本身如何会对生物多样性产生不同的结果,这取决于栖息地是被保护还是被恢复。目前形式的破碎化争论对恢复生态学的应用有限,我们强调生态学家和保护主义者需要考虑破碎化过程的方向性。
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来源期刊
Restoration Ecology
Restoration Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
15.60%
发文量
226
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Restoration Ecology fosters the exchange of ideas among the many disciplines involved with ecological restoration. Addressing global concerns and communicating them to the international research community and restoration practitioners, the journal is at the forefront of a vital new direction in science, ecology, and policy. Original papers describe experimental, observational, and theoretical studies on terrestrial, marine, and freshwater systems, and are considered without taxonomic bias. Contributions span the natural sciences, including ecological and biological aspects, as well as the restoration of soil, air and water when set in an ecological context; and the social sciences, including cultural, philosophical, political, educational, economic and historical aspects. Edited by a distinguished panel, the journal continues to be a major conduit for researchers to publish their findings in the fight to not only halt ecological damage, but also to ultimately reverse it.
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