Prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and associated factors in Ndera sector, Gasabo district of Rwanda: a cross-sectional study

IF 3.5 2区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

BMC Public Health Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.1186/s12889-024-19999-1

Akeem Ayodeji Okesina, Jean Claude Habineza, Richard Mbazumutima, Umurerwa Mignonne, Celine Mahirwe, Samuel Hakizimana, Mojeed Akorede Gbadamosi, Aashna Uppal, Francis Paul Wabwire

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Abstract

Hypertension remains a major global health challenge, including in low- and middle-income countries. In Rwanda, a lack of adequate information and healthcare services impacts healthcare-seeking behaviors, contributing to undiagnosed hypertension in rural areas. Therefore, the need to determine its prevalence and associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 393 adults in the Ndera Sector, of Rwanda’s Gasabo District, through a multistage sampling technique. Data was gathered using the WHO STEP-wise approach to non-communicable disease risk factor surveillance (STEPS) questionnaire; physical examination was done to determine blood pressure and body-mass index (BMI), after which the data collected was analyzed using SPSS. Newly diagnosed hypertension was determined when on two different intervals, systolic blood pressure readings was > 140 mmHg, and/or the diastolic blood pressure readings was > 90 mmHg, in the absence of previous hypertension diagnosis. The overall prevalence of hypertension among patients at Ndera sector was 15%, all of which were newly diagnosed. The mean (SD) age of the participants was 37 (13.7) years and half (53%) were women. The mean systolic blood pressure for men was 124.3 mmHg compared to 120.9 mmHg for women (p = 0.043, 95%CI: 0.12–6.74). Women had a significantly higher mean BMI (26.0) compared to men (22.8) (p < 0.001, 95%CI: -4.18 - -2.31). Age (χ² = 37.400, p < 0.001), residence (χ² = 10.200, p < 0.001), BMI (χ² = 22.1, p < 0.001), and lack of knowledge about hypertension (χ² = 25.1, p < 0.001) were the factors with significantly undiagnosed hypertension. The high prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension in Ndera Sector is linked to gender, older age, higher BMI, location, and lack of hypertension knowledge. These findings call for multifaceted approaches, combining educational initiatives, geographical targeting, lifestyle modifications, and policy implementations, all aimed at mitigating the burden of undiagnosed hypertension and enhancing community health within the Ndera Sector.

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卢旺达加萨博区 Ndera 地区未确诊高血压患病率及相关因素：一项横断面研究

高血压仍然是全球，包括中低收入国家面临的一项重大健康挑战。在卢旺达，缺乏足够的信息和医疗保健服务影响了人们的就医行为，导致农村地区高血压得不到诊断。因此，有必要确定其发病率和相关因素。我们采用多阶段抽样技术，对卢旺达加萨博地区恩德拉区的 393 名成年人进行了横断面研究。收集数据时使用了世卫组织非传染性疾病风险因素监测（STEPS）调查问卷；通过体检确定了血压和体重指数（BMI），然后使用 SPSS 对收集的数据进行了分析。在没有高血压诊断的情况下，如果收缩压读数大于 140 mmHg 和/或舒张压读数大于 90 mmHg，则判定为新诊断的高血压。恩德拉医疗中心的高血压患者总患病率为 15%，均为新诊断出的高血压。参与者的平均年龄（标准差）为 37（13.7）岁，半数（53%）为女性。男性的平均收缩压为 124.3 mmHg，而女性为 120.9 mmHg（P = 0.043，95%CI：0.12-6.74）。女性的平均体重指数（26.0）明显高于男性（22.8）（p < 0.001，95%CI：-4.18 - 2.31）。年龄（χ² = 37.400，p < 0.001）、居住地（χ² = 10.200，p < 0.001）、体重指数（χ² = 22.1，p < 0.001）和缺乏高血压相关知识（χ² = 25.1，p < 0.001）是导致高血压未确诊的重要因素。恩德拉区未确诊高血压的高发病率与性别、年龄、较高的体重指数、地点和缺乏高血压知识有关。这些发现要求采取多方面的方法，将教育措施、地理定位、生活方式调整和政策实施结合起来，以减轻未确诊高血压的负担，提高恩德拉区的社区健康水平。

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来源期刊

BMC Public Health 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

4.40%

发文量

2108

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： BMC Public Health is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on the epidemiology of disease and the understanding of all aspects of public health. The journal has a special focus on the social determinants of health, the environmental, behavioral, and occupational correlates of health and disease, and the impact of health policies, practices and interventions on the community.