Characterisation of bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd) ecotypes: An ancient and promising legume

IF 1.6 4区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Soumaya Boukrouh, Ali Noutfia, Nassim Moula, Claire Avril, Julien Louvieaux, Jean-Luc Hornick, Mouad Chentouf, Jean-François Cabaraux
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Abstract

Bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd) is a promising legume, drought tolerant, mainly used in the Mediterranean area for its grains as a source of proteins in animal feed. However, it is an underused crop cultivated in marginal soils. Ecological, agro-morphological, and bromatological diversity evaluations were conducted to study its reintroduction potential. Seeds of seventeen ecotypes were collected in seventeen farms located in Northern Morocco in 2018. The cultivation was realised during the 2019 and 2020 growing seasons using a randomised complete block design with three replicates. Agro-morphological data were collected at the start of flowering, full flowering, and pod setting phenological stages. Yield component assessment and grain and straw bromatological characterisation were performed at maturity. The results indicated significant variations between ecotypes for almost all parameters and interesting results about yield (1 t ha–1) but lower protein content (22.9% of dry matter) compared to other ecotypes of the Mediterranean region. The estimated genetic parameters could emphasise the possibility of selecting highly productive and nutritive cultivars. However, interannual variations were also detected, making the selection of the ecotypes harder. No significant correlations were observed between agro-morphological and bromatological traits of grains and geographical distances. Multivariate analyses (principal component analysis and heatmap) clustered ecotypes into five groups, where the ecotypes included in the second cluster were the most interesting candidates for developing high-yielding and nutritive varieties. That is why this plant could be considered of interest, especially in these times of climate change.
苦苣(Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd)生态型的特征:一种古老而有前途的豆科植物
苦矢车菊(Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd)是一种很有前途的豆科植物,耐旱,主要用于地中海地区,其谷物是动物饲料的蛋白质来源。然而,它是一种在贫瘠土壤中种植的未得到充分利用的作物。为了研究其再引入的潜力,对其进行了生态学、农业形态学和溴学多样性评估。2018 年,在摩洛哥北部的 17 个农场收集了 17 种生态型的种子。在 2019 年和 2020 年的生长季节,采用随机完全区组设计,进行了三次重复栽培。在开花初期、盛花期和结荚期收集农业形态数据。在成熟期进行了产量成分评估以及谷物和秸秆溴化特性分析。结果表明,几乎所有参数在不同生态型之间都存在明显差异,与地中海地区的其他生态型相比,产量(1 吨公顷-1)较高,但蛋白质含量(干物质的 22.9%)较低。估计的遗传参数强调了选择高产、高营养栽培品种的可能性。不过,也发现了年际变化,这增加了选择生态型的难度。谷物的农业形态和溴化特性与地理距离之间没有明显的相关性。多变量分析(主成分分析和热图)将生态型分为五组,其中第二组中的生态型是最值得开发的高产、高营养品种。因此,这种植物值得关注,尤其是在气候变化时期。
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来源期刊
Experimental Agriculture
Experimental Agriculture 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
6.20%
发文量
29
审稿时长
24 months
期刊介绍: With a focus on the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world, Experimental Agriculture publishes the results of original research on field, plantation and herbage crops grown for food or feed, or for industrial purposes, and on farming systems, including livestock and people. It reports experimental work designed to explain how crops respond to the environment in biological and physical terms, and on the social and economic issues that may influence the uptake of the results of research by policy makers and farmers, including the role of institutions and partnerships in delivering impact. The journal also publishes accounts and critical discussions of new quantitative and qualitative methods in agricultural and ecosystems research, and of contemporary issues arising in countries where agricultural production needs to develop rapidly. There is a regular book review section and occasional, often invited, reviews of research.
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