Systematic Review of Factors and Barriers Influencing E-Commerce Adoption among SMEs over the Last Decade: A TOE Framework Perspective

IF 4 3区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of the Knowledge Economy Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI:10.1007/s13132-024-02257-5

Mei Kay Loo, Sridar Ramachandran, Raja Nerina Raja Yusof

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Abstract

This systematic review critically examines the technological, organizational, and environmental (TOE) factors influencing e-commerce adoption among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) over the past decade. By dissecting the distinct roles of these TOE factors, the review identifies both the facilitators and inhibitors affecting SMEs as they navigate the complexities of e-commerce integration. The analysis reveals that while technological innovations and digital readiness significantly drive adoption, SMEs face persistent challenges related to resource limitations, cybersecurity concerns, and rapid technological change. Organizational readiness, highlighted by change management and strategic alignment, emerges as a critical determinant, whereas the environmental context, including market trends and regulatory policies, shapes the e-commerce landscape within which SMEs operate. This review emphasizes the need for a nuanced understanding of these multidimensional factors and recommends targeted interventions to alleviate barriers. Suggestions for future research include longitudinal studies to track the evolution of e-commerce adoption strategies, the impact of emerging technologies on SMEs’ competitive advantage, and the role of government policy in fostering a supportive ecosystem for digital transformation.

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过去十年影响中小企业采用电子商务的因素和障碍的系统回顾：TOE 框架视角

这篇系统性综述批判性地研究了过去十年间影响中小企业（SMEs）采用电子商务的技术、组织和环境（TOE）因素。通过剖析这些 TOE 因素的不同作用，该研究确定了影响中小型企业的促进因素和抑制因素，帮助他们应对电子商务整合的复杂性。分析表明，虽然技术创新和数字化准备在很大程度上推动了应用，但中小企业面临着与资源限制、网络安全问题和快速技术变革相关的持续挑战。以变革管理和战略调整为亮点的组织准备程度成为关键的决定因素，而包括市场趋势和监管政策在内的环境背景则塑造了中小企业运营的电子商务环境。本综述强调，有必要对这些多维因素进行细致入微的了解，并建议采取有针对性的干预措施来减少障碍。对未来研究的建议包括：追踪电子商务应用战略演变的纵向研究、新兴技术对中小企业竞争优势的影响，以及政府政策在促进数字化转型的支持性生态系统中的作用。

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来源期刊

Journal of the Knowledge Economy ECONOMICS-

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

27.30%

发文量

228

期刊介绍： In the context of rapid globalization and technological capacity, the world’s economies today are driven increasingly by knowledge—the expertise, skills, experience, education, understanding, awareness, perception, and other qualities required to communicate, interpret, and analyze information. New wealth is created by the application of knowledge to improve productivity—and to create new products, services, systems, and process (i.e., to innovate). The Journal of the Knowledge Economy focuses on the dynamics of the knowledge-based economy, with an emphasis on the role of knowledge creation, diffusion, and application across three economic levels: (1) the systemic ''meta'' or ''macro''-level, (2) the organizational ''meso''-level, and (3) the individual ''micro''-level. The journal incorporates insights from the fields of economics, management, law, sociology, anthropology, psychology, and political science to shed new light on the evolving role of knowledge, with a particular emphasis on how innovation can be leveraged to provide solutions to complex problems and issues, including global crises in environmental sustainability, education, and economic development. Articles emphasize empirical studies, underscoring a comparative approach, and, to a lesser extent, case studies and theoretical articles. The journal balances practice/application and theory/concepts.