Knowns and Unknowns in Future Human Pressures on the Ocean

IF 7.3 1区 地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Earths Future Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI:10.1029/2024EF004559
O. Alejandra Vargas-Fonseca, Melanie Frazier, Amanda T. Lombard, Benjamin S. Halpern
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Abstract

Growing demands on ocean resources are placing increasing pressures on ocean ecosystems. To assess the current state of knowledge of future human pressures on the ocean, we conducted a literature review of recent and projected trends of 25 anthropogenic pressures, comprising most of the identified human pressures on the global oceans. To better understand gaps in the data, we developed a comprehensive framework of the activities contributing to each pressure. All pressures were allocated to five categories (biological disruption, disturbance and removal, altered ocean chemistry, pollution, and climate pressures). All pressures are expected to worsen in the future under business-as-usual scenarios (or similar) based on past trajectories and/or models of future scenarios. Eight of the pressures assessed have not been projected into the future (diseases and pathogens, introduced coastal wildlife predation, disruption to sediment dynamics, wildlife strikes, organic and inorganic chemical pollution, light and noise pollution), likely due to the limited availability of data describing current pressures, the challenges of modeling future pressures, and high levels of uncertainty. We thus recommend they receive priority attention to assess their likely future trajectories, given their potential magnitude of influence.

Abstract Image

未来人类对海洋压力的已知和未知因素
对海洋资源日益增长的需求给海洋生态系统带来了越来越大的压力。为了评估人类对海洋未来压力的认识现状,我们对 25 种人为压力的最新趋势和预测趋势进行了文献综述,其中包括大部分已确定的人类对全球海洋的压力。为了更好地了解数据方面的差距,我们为造成每种压力的活动制定了一个综合框架。所有压力被分为五类(生物干扰、干扰和清除、海洋化学变化、污染和气候压力)。根据过去的轨迹和/或未来情景模式,在一切照旧的情况下(或类似情况),预计所有压力在未来都会恶化。在评估的压力中,有 8 种压力尚未预测到未来(疾病和病原体、引入的沿岸野生动物捕食、沉积物动力学的破坏、野生动物撞击、有机和无机化学污染、光和噪声污染),这可能是由于描述当前压力的数据有限、建立未来压力模型的挑战以及高度的不确定性。因此,鉴于其潜在的影响程度,我们建议优先关注这些问题,以评估其未来可能的发展轨迹。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Earths Future
Earths Future ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCESGEOSCIENCES, MULTIDI-GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
7.30%
发文量
260
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: Earth’s Future: A transdisciplinary open access journal, Earth’s Future focuses on the state of the Earth and the prediction of the planet’s future. By publishing peer-reviewed articles as well as editorials, essays, reviews, and commentaries, this journal will be the preeminent scholarly resource on the Anthropocene. It will also help assess the risks and opportunities associated with environmental changes and challenges.
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