Assessment of the contamination by carbonaceous anthropogenic particulates and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration in recreational areas of an estuary heavily industrialized in Northern Spain

IF 5.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS
Pelayo Tomillo , Isabel Suárez-Ruiz , María José Iglesias , Mercedes Díaz-Somoano , Dionisio Luis , Efrén García-Ordiales , Joana Ribeiro
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The commercial management of coal and its by-products has the potential to negatively impact natural coastal environments. The coal conversion processes and coke production are sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emissions that also contribute to the pollution of those aquatic environments. This research assesses the contamination by carbonaceous anthropogenic particles and by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of some recreational sites (Arañón, Peña del Caballo and San Balandrán area) located in the Avilés' estuary, an area in Northern Spain that has been heavily industrialized since the 1950s. The results obtained indicate a low concentration of solid organic anthropogenic particles in the intertidal sediments of the recreational sites in the estuary, probably due to the protective measures set in place at the facilities managing bulk coal and coke, which prevents the dispersion of coal dust (and other materials) as well as the eventual failure into the estuary. The characteristics of 16 priority pollutants PAHs analyzed in two recreational sites of the estuary (San Balandrán area), their distribution by aromatic ring number together with their diagnostic ratios demonstrate a pyrogenic nature with a main source from processes of coal and coke conversion (including combustion) in the facilities around the estuary. Some contribution of PAHs derived from petroleum cannot be ruled out. This contamination by PAHS is constant and sustained over time. The majority of the considered PAHs are well above the Spanish Generic Reference Level, (GRL) established for “protection of ecosystems with aquatic organisms”, and only a few of them are notably above the corresponding Spanish GRL established for “other uses of land”, which should include lands for recreational activities. The analysis of the potential toxicity risk of PAHs for human health and the organisms of the aquatic ecosystem suggests a relatively low toxicity risk to very high toxicity risk in the San Balandrán environment according to the concentration and distribution trend of PAHs identified in this area. This trend is dependent on the coastal dynamics and the protection level of the site, which also affect the distribution of the anthropogenic carbonaceous particulates in the same way.

评估西班牙北部工业化程度较高的河口休闲区的碳质人为微粒污染和多环芳烃(PAHs)浓度
煤炭及其副产品的商业管理有可能对自然海岸环境产生负面影响。煤炭转化过程和焦炭生产是多环芳烃(PAHs)的排放源,也是造成这些水生环境污染的原因之一。这项研究评估了位于阿维莱斯河口的一些休闲场所(Arañón、Pena del Caballo 和 San Balandrán 地区)受到碳质人为颗粒和多环芳烃污染的情况。研究结果表明,在河口休闲场所的潮间带沉积物中,固体有机人为颗粒的浓度较低,这可能是由于管理散装煤炭和焦炭的设施采取了保护措施,防止煤尘(和其他物质)扩散并最终进入河口。在河口(圣巴兰德兰地区)的两个休闲场所分析的 16 种重点污染物多环芳烃的特征、按芳香环数的分布情况及其诊断比率表明,多环芳烃具有热原性质,主要来源于河口周围设施中的煤炭和焦炭转化过程(包括燃烧)。也不能排除石油中的多环芳烃的影响。多环芳烃的污染是长期持续存在的。大部分 PAHs 远远高于为 "保护水生生物生态系统 "而制定的西班牙通用参考水平 (GRL),只有少数 PAHs 明显高于为 "土地的其他用途 "而制定的相应西班牙通用参考水平,其中应包括用于娱乐活动的土地。多环芳烃对人类健康和水生生态系统生物的潜在毒性风险分析表明,根据在圣巴兰德 兰环境中发现的多环芳烃浓度和分布趋势,该地区的毒性风险相对较低,甚至非常高。这种趋势取决于沿海动态和该地的保护水平,这也同样影响着人为碳质微粒的分布。
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来源期刊
International Journal of Coal Geology
International Journal of Coal Geology 工程技术-地球科学综合
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
14.30%
发文量
145
审稿时长
38 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Coal Geology deals with fundamental and applied aspects of the geology and petrology of coal, oil/gas source rocks and shale gas resources. The journal aims to advance the exploration, exploitation and utilization of these resources, and to stimulate environmental awareness as well as advancement of engineering for effective resource management.
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