Parenthood and gender inequality on labor market outcomes: Evidence from South Korea

IF 1.3 Q2 SOCIAL WORK
Eunha Kim, Baegeui Hong
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study estimates the long-term effect of parenthood on labor market outcomes and explores the variations within this effect by gender and education. We use the event study method to track changes in a range of labor market outcomes from 3 years before to 8 years after the first birth, with a sample of 556 married women and 528 married men from the Korea Labor and Income Panel Study (KLIPS). We find that women experience an immediate drop in wages following birth, whereas men experience continuous wage growth even before birth. The decline in women's wages arises largely from their withdrawal from the labor market, while the increase in men's wages could be explained by a positive selection bias among fathers. In addition, mothers' wage trajectories do not vary significantly by education level, whereas other labor market outcomes show discernible trends. These patterns are the opposite of those observed for men. The findings indicate that severe gender inequality in the Korean labor market lowers the wages of mothers, regardless of their education, while the wages of fathers are more likely to be affected by education. Based on the findings, we make policy suggestions for improving the work-family balance for all genders.

为人父母与劳动力市场结果的性别不平等:来自韩国的证据
本研究估算了为人父母对劳动力市场结果的长期影响,并探讨了这种影响在性别和教育方面的差异。我们采用事件研究法,以韩国劳动与收入面板研究(KLIPS)中的 556 名已婚女性和 528 名已婚男性为样本,跟踪调查了首次生育前 3 年至生育后 8 年间一系列劳动力市场结果的变化。我们发现,女性在生育后工资会立即下降,而男性甚至在生育前工资就会持续增长。女性工资下降的主要原因是她们退出了劳动力市场,而男性工资增长的原因可能是父亲的正向选择偏差。此外,母亲的工资轨迹并不因教育水平的不同而有显著差异,而劳动力市场的其他结果却呈现出明显的趋势。这些模式与观察到的男性模式正好相反。研究结果表明,韩国劳动力市场中严重的性别不平等降低了母亲的工资,无论其受教育程度如何,而父亲的工资则更有可能受到教育程度的影响。根据研究结果,我们提出了改善所有性别工作与家庭平衡的政策建议。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
32
期刊介绍: There is a growing recognition that major social trends, such as the process of globalization, rapidly changing demography, increasing psycho-social difficulties in individuals and families, growing economic disparities within and between the nations, and international migration, present important challenges for social policies and social work practices in Asia. It also has become evident that social policy strategies and social work methods must be developed and implemented in the context of Asian region''s own histories, cultures, and unique developmental trajectories in order to respond effectively to those emerging challenges. The Asian Social Work and Policy Review seeks to encourage exchanges of original ideas, rigorous analysis of experiences, innovative practice methods founded on local knowledge and skills of problem solving in the areas of social work and social policy between various countries in Asia.
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