Visual dysfunction and sudden onset symptoms leading to early detection of tick-borne infections: A case report

Abstract

Objectives

Tick-borne infections frequently impact the visual system; however, their symptoms are commonly misinterpreted as issues related to functional vision disorders, balance, movement, and cognition. Visual symptoms may include blurred vision, double vision, photosensitivity, perception of distorted space, visual strain, headaches during near vision activities, difficulties with balance, dizziness, reduced ability to bring the eyes together (convergence), inability to maintain focus, and inability to tolerate movement in peripheral vision.

Case report

This case report highlights a patient who presented with learning difficulties and behavioral issues. After a comprehensive neuro-optometric evaluation, specific ocular findings were observed, prompting suspicion of tick-borne disease. Subsequent comprehensive blood work for Lyme and associated diseases confirmed a diagnosis of tick-borne infection.

Conclusion

Early detection and diagnosis of tick-borne infections pose significant challenges. Often referred to as “the great mimicker,” these infections frequently result in misdiagnosis or redirection during the medical pursuit of a definitive diagnosis. Failure to diagnose and treat promptly during the acute phase may lead to chronic neurologic progression of the undiagnosed disease.