{"title":"A comprehensive review on environmental and human health impacts of chemical pesticide usage","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2024.100410","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review critically examines the multifaceted impacts of chemical pesticides on environmental ecosystems and human health, highlighting the urgent need for sustainable pest management practices. The widespread use of pesticides, such as organochlorine compounds (e.g., DDT, endrin) known for their persistence and bioaccumulation, poses significant risks to biodiversity, water quality, and food safety. By accumulating in the food chain, these substances threaten higher trophic levels and amplify the potential for adverse health outcomes, including acute poisoning, cancer, and neurological disorders. Specific examples such as glyphosate and atrazine illustrate the pervasive nature of pesticide contamination in various environments. Key findings include the association of pesticide exposure with increased risks of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Parkinson's disease, and the development of antibiotic resistance in microbial communities. The review discusses potential remediation methods, including physicochemical techniques like photodegradation and advanced oxidation processes, as well as bioremediation strategies involving microbial degradation. Photodegradation rates are influenced by environmental factors such as sunlight intensity, soil properties, and organic matter content. Bioremediation using specific microbial consortia has shown promise in degrading persistent pesticides, enhancing soil recovery. Emphasizing the importance of integrated pest management (IPM), enhanced regulatory frameworks, and user education, this review advocates for a strategic shift towards practices that minimize environmental harm and safeguard human health. Implementing these measures can significantly contribute to the advancement of sustainable agriculture by reducing pesticide reliance and promoting ecological balance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405665024001112/pdfft?md5=70bf5c24ce40066d8914158a898a1d66&pid=1-s2.0-S2405665024001112-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Emerging Contaminants","FirstCategoryId":"1087","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405665024001112","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This review critically examines the multifaceted impacts of chemical pesticides on environmental ecosystems and human health, highlighting the urgent need for sustainable pest management practices. The widespread use of pesticides, such as organochlorine compounds (e.g., DDT, endrin) known for their persistence and bioaccumulation, poses significant risks to biodiversity, water quality, and food safety. By accumulating in the food chain, these substances threaten higher trophic levels and amplify the potential for adverse health outcomes, including acute poisoning, cancer, and neurological disorders. Specific examples such as glyphosate and atrazine illustrate the pervasive nature of pesticide contamination in various environments. Key findings include the association of pesticide exposure with increased risks of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Parkinson's disease, and the development of antibiotic resistance in microbial communities. The review discusses potential remediation methods, including physicochemical techniques like photodegradation and advanced oxidation processes, as well as bioremediation strategies involving microbial degradation. Photodegradation rates are influenced by environmental factors such as sunlight intensity, soil properties, and organic matter content. Bioremediation using specific microbial consortia has shown promise in degrading persistent pesticides, enhancing soil recovery. Emphasizing the importance of integrated pest management (IPM), enhanced regulatory frameworks, and user education, this review advocates for a strategic shift towards practices that minimize environmental harm and safeguard human health. Implementing these measures can significantly contribute to the advancement of sustainable agriculture by reducing pesticide reliance and promoting ecological balance.
期刊介绍：
Emerging Contaminants is an outlet for world-leading research addressing problems associated with environmental contamination caused by emerging contaminants and their solutions. Emerging contaminants are defined as chemicals that are not currently (or have been only recently) regulated and about which there exist concerns regarding their impact on human or ecological health. Examples of emerging contaminants include disinfection by-products, pharmaceutical and personal care products, persistent organic chemicals, and mercury etc. as well as their degradation products. We encourage papers addressing science that facilitates greater understanding of the nature, extent, and impacts of the presence of emerging contaminants in the environment; technology that exploits original principles to reduce and control their environmental presence; as well as the development, implementation and efficacy of national and international policies to protect human health and the environment from emerging contaminants.
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