SWCNT fibers decorated with Au nanoparticles as voltammetric sensors for arsenic (III) determination

Abstract

We developed a new method to produce fiber electrodes from single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) films, which can be employed as a novel sensing platform for electrochemical investigations and analysis. By assembling SWCNT bundles in the form of a strong free-standing fiber with almost entire surface accessible to an analyte, we are able to avoid the interference of substrate and improve detection efficiency. We examined the influence of physical, chemical and electrochemical pretreatments of the new electrode SWCNT material on its properties. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry were used to characterize the SWCNT fibers. The modification of the SWCNT fiber electrode with gold nanoparticles provides the necessary analytical characteristics including high repeatability and sensitivity and low detection limit (1.3 – 2.1 μg L^-1) for arsenic determination by anodic stripping voltammetry. Arsenic detection parameters such as deposition potential, deposition time and scan rate were optimized. Linear responses were found in concentration ranges from 3 to 210 μg L^-1 and 7 to 125 μg L^-1 for gold modified SWCNT fiber sensors (the SWCNTs were synthesized using CO or ethanol as precursors) at a relatively low deposition time of 60 s. The developed Au-SWCNT sensors allow rapid As determination in real samples and exhibit high durability and long service life.