Metal Mixture Effects of Ni, Cu, and Zn in a Multispecies, Two-Trophic–Level Algal–Daphnid Microcosm Can Be Predicted From Single-Trophic–Level Effects: The Role of Indirect Toxicity

IF 3.6 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI:10.1002/etc.5970

Andreas Fettweis, Simon Hansul, Erik Smolders, Karel De Schamphelaere

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Effect assessments of metals are mostly based on single-metal, single-species tests, thereby ignoring metal-mixture effects and indirect effects through species interactions. We tested the combined effects of metal and species interactions in two-trophic algal–daphnid microcosms. Metal-mixture effects on daphnid communities may propagate from effects on the generally more sensitive algal communities. Four different algal communities (three species each), with and without addition of the same daphnid community (three species) were exposed to single metals and one metal mixture (17:17:51 µg/L Ni:Cu:Zn). Daphnid densities were negatively affected by metals in the two-trophic test, the magnitude of which depended on the algal community composition. Algal densities were overall positively affected by the metals in the two-trophic test but negatively in the single-trophic test, illustrating an indirect positive effect in the two-trophic system due to a reduced grazing pressure. Metal effects on daphnid communities in the two-trophic test (day 21) were correlated with metal effects on the single-trophic–level algal communities during exponential growth (R² = 0.55, p = 0.0011). This finding suggests that metal effects propagate across trophic levels due to a reduced food quantity. However, the indirect positive effects on algal densities, resulting in abundant food quantity, suggests that metal effects can also propagate to daphnids due to a reduced food quality (not measured directly). Metal-mixture interactions on daphnid densities varied during exposure, but were additive or antagonistic relative to independent action when final daphnid densities were considered (day 56). This suggests stronger indirect effects of the mixture compared with the single metals. Overall, our study highlights the dynamic aspect of community-level effects, which empirical reference models such as independent action or concentration addition cannot predict. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:2350–2364. © 2024 SETAC

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多物种、双营养级藻类-水蚤微生态系统中镍、铜和锌的金属混合物效应可从单营养级效应中预测：间接毒性的作用。

金属效应评估大多基于单一金属、单一物种的测试，从而忽略了金属混合物效应以及通过物种相互作用产生的间接效应。我们在双营养藻类-水蚤微生态系统中测试了金属和物种相互作用的综合效应。金属混合物对水蚤群落的影响可能来自于对一般较为敏感的藻类群落的影响。四个不同的藻类群落（每个群落有三个物种）分别暴露于单一金属和一种金属混合物（17:17:51 µg/L Ni:Cu:Zn）的作用下，同时也暴露于同一水蚤群落（三个物种）的作用下。在双营养级试验中，水蚤密度受到金属的负面影响，影响程度取决于藻类群落的组成。在双营养试验中，藻类密度总体上受到金属的正面影响，但在单营养试验中则受到负面影响。在双营养级试验中（第 21 天），金属对水蚤群落的影响与在指数生长期间金属对单营养级藻类群落的影响相关（R2 = 0.55，p = 0.0011）。这一结果表明，由于食物量减少，金属效应会跨营养级传播。然而，藻类密度的间接正效应会导致食物数量的增加，这表明金属效应也会由于食物质量的降低而传播到水蚤（未直接测量）。在暴露期间，金属混合物对水蚤密度的交互作用各不相同，但在考虑最终水蚤密度（第 56 天）时，相对于独立作用而言，金属混合物具有相加或拮抗作用。这表明，与单一金属相比，混合物的间接效应更强。总之，我们的研究强调了群落水平效应的动态方面，而独立作用或浓度加成等经验参考模型无法预测群落水平效应。环境毒物化学 2024;00:1-15。© 2024 SETAC.

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来源期刊

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 环境科学-毒理学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

9.80%

发文量

265

审稿时长

3.4 months

期刊介绍： The Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) publishes two journals: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (ET&C) and Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management (IEAM). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry is dedicated to furthering scientific knowledge and disseminating information on environmental toxicology and chemistry, including the application of these sciences to risk assessment.[...] Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry is interdisciplinary in scope and integrates the fields of environmental toxicology; environmental, analytical, and molecular chemistry; ecology; physiology; biochemistry; microbiology; genetics; genomics; environmental engineering; chemical, environmental, and biological modeling; epidemiology; and earth sciences. ET&C seeks to publish papers describing original experimental or theoretical work that significantly advances understanding in the area of environmental toxicology, environmental chemistry and hazard/risk assessment. Emphasis is given to papers that enhance capabilities for the prediction, measurement, and assessment of the fate and effects of chemicals in the environment, rather than simply providing additional data. The scientific impact of papers is judged in terms of the breadth and depth of the findings and the expected influence on existing or future scientific practice. Methodological papers must make clear not only how the work differs from existing practice, but the significance of these differences to the field. Site-based research or monitoring must have regional or global implications beyond the particular site, such as evaluating processes, mechanisms, or theory under a natural environmental setting.