Mucosal immune responses in peri-parturient dairy cattle

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY

Veterinary microbiology Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI:10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110201

Victor S. Cortese , Amelia Woolums , Merrilee Thoresen , P.J. Pinedo , Thomas Short

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Abstract

The objectives of this study were to evaluate mucosal immune responses in peripartum Holstein cows, to assess the impact of intranasal modified live viral (MLV) vaccination on mucosal immunity, and to explore the relationship between genotype and peripartum immune responses. Eighty multiparous Holstein cows were randomized to receive either: 1) intranasal MLV tri-valent viral vaccine 18–24 days prior to expected calving (DC); 2) the same vaccine within twelve hours after parturition (F); 3) vaccine at both time points (DCF), or 4) no vaccine (CON). Nasal secretions and sera were collected from all cattle pre-vaccination and on multiple days before and after calving to determine concentrations of interferon beta (IFN-beta) and IFN-gamma and bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1-) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV-) specific IgA in nasal secretions, and BHV-1 and BRSV serum neutralizing (SN) titers. Cows were genotyped by bead-based microarray, genotypes were used to categorize previously established health traits, and relationships between immune responses and genotype were evaluated. There was no significant effect of vaccination on immune responses, although all vaccinated groups demonstrated numerically increased IFN-gamma within four days post vaccination. There was a significant (P <0.0001) time effect on nasal IgA in CON, F, and DCF groups, with the highest nasal IgA titers measured post calving. There was a significant (P <0.0001) time effect on nasal IFN-beta in all groups. Significant relationships between genotype and immune response were not detected. Contrary to previous reports of systemic immunosuppression, bovine mucosal responses appear to be intact in the peripartum period.

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围产期奶牛的粘膜免疫反应

本研究的目的是评估荷斯坦奶牛围产期的粘膜免疫反应，评估鼻内接种改良病毒活疫苗（MLV）对粘膜免疫的影响，并探讨基因型与围产期免疫反应之间的关系。80头多胎荷斯坦奶牛被随机分配接受以下两种疫苗：1) 预产前 18-24 天鼻腔注射 MLV 三价病毒疫苗 (DC)；2) 产后 12 小时内注射相同疫苗 (F)；3) 两个时间点都注射疫苗 (DCF) 或 4) 不注射疫苗 (CON)。在接种前和产犊前后多日收集所有牛的鼻腔分泌物和血清，以测定鼻腔分泌物中干扰素 beta (IFN-beta) 和 IFN-gamma 的浓度、牛疱疹病毒-1 (BHV-1-) 和牛呼吸道合胞病毒 (BRSV-) 特异性 IgA 的浓度，以及 BHV-1 和 BRSV 血清中和 (SN) 滴度。通过基于珠子的芯片对奶牛进行基因分型，利用基因型对先前确定的健康性状进行分类，并评估免疫反应与基因型之间的关系。接种疫苗对免疫反应没有明显影响，但所有接种组在接种后四天内的 IFN-gamma 数量都有所增加。CON组、F组和DCF组的鼻腔IgA受时间影响明显（P<0.0001），产犊后测定的鼻腔IgA滴度最高。所有组的鼻 IFN-beta 都有明显的时间效应（P <0.0001）。基因型与免疫反应之间没有发现明显的关系。与之前有关全身免疫抑制的报道相反，牛的粘膜反应在围产期似乎是完整的。

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来源期刊

Veterinary microbiology 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

6.10%

发文量

221

审稿时长

52 days

期刊介绍： Veterinary Microbiology is concerned with microbial (bacterial, fungal, viral) diseases of domesticated vertebrate animals (livestock, companion animals, fur-bearing animals, game, poultry, fish) that supply food, other useful products or companionship. In addition, Microbial diseases of wild animals living in captivity, or as members of the feral fauna will also be considered if the infections are of interest because of their interrelation with humans (zoonoses) and/or domestic animals. Studies of antimicrobial resistance are also included, provided that the results represent a substantial advance in knowledge. Authors are strongly encouraged to read - prior to submission - the Editorials (''Scope or cope'' and ''Scope or cope II'') published previously in the journal. The Editors reserve the right to suggest submission to another journal for those papers which they feel would be more appropriate for consideration by that journal. Original research papers of high quality and novelty on aspects of control, host response, molecular biology, pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of microbial diseases of animals are published. Papers dealing primarily with immunology, epidemiology, molecular biology and antiviral or microbial agents will only be considered if they demonstrate a clear impact on a disease. Papers focusing solely on diagnostic techniques (such as another PCR protocol or ELISA) will not be published - focus should be on a microorganism and not on a particular technique. Papers only reporting microbial sequences, transcriptomics data, or proteomics data will not be considered unless the results represent a substantial advance in knowledge. Drug trial papers will be considered if they have general application or significance. Papers on the identification of microorganisms will also be considered, but detailed taxonomic studies do not fall within the scope of the journal. Case reports will not be published, unless they have general application or contain novel aspects. Papers of geographically limited interest, which repeat what had been established elsewhere will not be considered. The readership of the journal is global.