How contaminated is flatfish living near World Wars’ munition dumping sites with energetic compounds?

IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 TOXICOLOGY
Edmund Maser, Tobias H. Buenning, Jennifer S. Strehse
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Abstract

Seas worldwide are threatened by an emerging source of pollution as millions of tons of warfare materials were dumped after the World Wars. As their metal shells are progressively corroding, energetic compounds (EC) leak out and distribute in the marine environment. EC are taken up by aquatic organisms and pose a threat to both the marine ecosphere and the human seafood consumer because of their toxicity and potential carcinogenicity. Here, sediment samples and fish from different locations in the German North Sea of Lower Saxony were examined to determine whether EC transfer to fish living close to munition dumping areas. EC were found in sediments with a maximum concentration of 1.5 ng/kg. All analyzed fish muscle tissues/fillets and bile samples were positive for EC detection. In bile, the max. EC concentrations ranged between 0.25 and 1.25 ng/mL. Interestingly, while detected TNT metabolites in the muscle tissues were in concentrations of max. 1 ng/g (dry weight), TNT itself was found in concentrations of up to 4 ng/g (dry weight). As we found considerable higher amounts of non-metabolized TNT in the fish muscle, rather than TNT metabolites, we conclude an additional absorption route of EC into fish other than per diet. This is the first study to detect EC in the edible parts of fish caught randomly in the North Sea.

Abstract Image

生活在世界大战弹药倾倒场附近的比目鱼受到高能化合物污染的程度如何?
世界大战后,数百万吨的战争物资被倾倒在海洋中,全球海洋正受到新污染源的威胁。随着其金属外壳的逐渐腐蚀,高能化合物(EC)泄漏出来,并在海洋环境中扩散。高能化合物会被水生生物吸收,并因其毒性和潜在致癌性对海洋生态圈和人类海产品消费者构成威胁。本文对德国下萨克森州北海不同地点的沉积物样本和鱼类进行了研究,以确定氨基甲酸乙酯是否会转移到生活在弹药倾倒区附近的鱼类身上。在沉积物中发现的氨基甲酸乙酯最高浓度为 1.5 纳克/千克。所有经分析的鱼类肌肉组织/鱼片和胆汁样本的氨基甲酸乙酯检测结果均呈阳性。在胆汁中,氨基甲酸乙酯的最高浓度介于 0.25浓度介于 0.25 至 1.25 纳克/毫升之间。有趣的是,在肌肉组织中检测到的TNT代谢物最大浓度为1纳克/克(干重)。1纳克/克(干重),而TNT本身的浓度却高达4纳克/克(干重)。由于我们在鱼类肌肉中发现的非代谢物 TNT 比 TNT 代谢物的含量要高得多,因此我们得出结论,除了通过饮食外,鱼类还可以通过其他途径吸收导电率。这是首次在北海随机捕获的鱼类可食用部分检测到氨基甲酸乙酯的研究。
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来源期刊
Archives of Toxicology
Archives of Toxicology 医学-毒理学
CiteScore
11.60
自引率
4.90%
发文量
218
审稿时长
1.5 months
期刊介绍: Archives of Toxicology provides up-to-date information on the latest advances in toxicology. The journal places particular emphasis on studies relating to defined effects of chemicals and mechanisms of toxicity, including toxic activities at the molecular level, in humans and experimental animals. Coverage includes new insights into analysis and toxicokinetics and into forensic toxicology. Review articles of general interest to toxicologists are an additional important feature of the journal.
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