Toxic air pollution and cognitive decline: Untangling particulate matter

Abstract

There is increasing evidence indicating air pollution is an important factor influencing the aging brain. However, much of this work measures air pollution using particulate matter (PM). Yet we know that the chemical components of PM are not consistent across space or time. Rather, the possible chemical mixtures of PM vary and are therefore not reliably measuring the same thing across studies. In this study we attempt to disentangle the effects of the components of measured PM by using estimates of concurrent exposures of 415 industrial air toxics, as well as 44 neuro- and developmental toxics. Using bivariate latent curve models, we leverage individual level panel data from the bi-annual Health and Retirement Study to test how these exposures relate to cognitive score trajectories of respondents across the years 2002–2012. We find that more exposure to neurotoxics was associated with faster rate of cognitive decline by 1.09 points (p < 0.05).