Sabarmati and its connection with the Harappan port Lothal and the Nal corridor: A study using multi-sensor data, cloud-computing and multi-platforms

IF 2.6 1区 地球科学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY
Ekta Gupta, V.N. Prabhakar, Vikrant Jain
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Abstract

Lothal is situated approximately 30 km inland from the Gulf of Khambhat on the western coast of India in Gujarat. It served as a bustling port during the Bronze Age Harappan period (2600 BCE to 1900 BCE) and was connected to a series of Harappan production and distribution centres dotted along the Gulf of Kachchh and the Rann of Kachchh. Artefacts of foreign nature found in Lothal attest to its intercultural trade relation. Further, Lothal is renowned for its well-preserved brick-walled dockyard and warehouse. However, different views for and against the dockyard are available in archaeological literature. This study revisits the dockyard theory from the landscape perspective and integrates information extracted from early maps, multi-spectral and multi-temporal satellite data of different spatial resolutions, and Digital Elevation Models to understand the larger context of the palaeolandscape around Lothal, including both fluvial and coastal areas. The findings offer fresh perspectives on the hydrographic dynamics of the region, highlighting an evident direct connection between Lothal and the former course of River Sabarmati, one of the major rivers in Gujarat that currently flows 20 km east of Lothal. The reconstruction of the palaeolandscape, both fluvial and coastal, complements and verifies certain interpretations related to the dockyard theory, partially bridging the ‘credibility gap’ in the broader discussion and strengthening the arguments in favour of the dockyard theory. Additionally, the study underscores the significance of integrating various types of geospatial data to understand past landscapes. Further investigation of the reconstructed palaeolandscape, particularly the complex hydrographic network including rivers and creeks, of this historically important region has the potential to contribute to new insights into existing archaeological and geomorphological interpretations and may guide us about the past human adaptation to the natural dynamics.

萨巴尔马蒂及其与哈拉帕港口洛塔尔和纳尔走廊的联系:利用多传感器数据、云计算和多平台进行的研究
洛塔尔位于印度古吉拉特邦西海岸距康巴特湾约 30 公里的内陆地区。在青铜时代的哈拉帕人时期(公元前 2600 年至公元前 1900 年),它曾是一个繁华的港口,并与分布在卡奇湾和卡奇峡谷沿岸的一系列哈拉帕人生产和集散中心相连接。在洛塔尔发现的外国手工艺品证明了其跨文化贸易关系。此外,洛塔尔因其保存完好的砖墙船坞和仓库而闻名。然而,考古文献中对船坞有不同的赞成和反对意见。本研究从景观的角度重新审视了船坞理论,并整合了从早期地图、不同空间分辨率的多光谱和多时态卫星数据以及数字高程模型中提取的信息,以了解洛塔尔周边古地貌的大背景,包括河道和沿海地区。研究结果为该地区的水文动态提供了新的视角,突出了洛塔尔与萨巴尔马蒂河故道之间明显的直接联系,萨巴尔马蒂河是古吉拉特邦的主要河流之一,目前流经洛塔尔以东 20 公里处。古地貌(包括河流和海岸)的重建补充并验证了与船坞理论有关的某些解释,部分弥补了更广泛讨论中的 "可信度差距",加强了支持船坞理论的论据。此外,该研究还强调了整合各类地理空间数据对于了解过去地貌的重要意义。对这一具有重要历史意义的地区重建的古地貌,特别是包括河流和溪流在内的复杂水文网络的进一步调查,有可能为现有的考古学和地貌学解释提供新的见解,并为我们了解过去人类对自然动态的适应提供指导。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Archaeological Science
Journal of Archaeological Science 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
7.10%
发文量
112
审稿时长
49 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of Archaeological Science is aimed at archaeologists and scientists with particular interests in advancing the development and application of scientific techniques and methodologies to all areas of archaeology. This established monthly journal publishes focus articles, original research papers and major review articles, of wide archaeological significance. The journal provides an international forum for archaeologists and scientists from widely different scientific backgrounds who share a common interest in developing and applying scientific methods to inform major debates through improving the quality and reliability of scientific information derived from archaeological research.
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