{"title":"Multifunctional histone variants in genome function","authors":"Lee H. Wong, David J. Tremethick","doi":"10.1038/s41576-024-00759-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Histones are integral components of eukaryotic chromatin that have a pivotal role in the organization and function of the genome. The dynamic regulation of chromatin involves the incorporation of histone variants, which can dramatically alter its structural and functional properties. Contrary to an earlier view that limited individual histone variants to specific genomic functions, new insights have revealed that histone variants exert multifaceted roles involving all aspects of genome function, from governing patterns of gene expression at precise genomic loci to participating in genome replication, repair and maintenance. This conceptual change has led to a new understanding of the intricate interplay between chromatin and DNA-dependent processes and how this connection translates into normal and abnormal cellular functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19067,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Genetics","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nature Reviews Genetics","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41576-024-00759-1","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GENETICS & HEREDITY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Histones are integral components of eukaryotic chromatin that have a pivotal role in the organization and function of the genome. The dynamic regulation of chromatin involves the incorporation of histone variants, which can dramatically alter its structural and functional properties. Contrary to an earlier view that limited individual histone variants to specific genomic functions, new insights have revealed that histone variants exert multifaceted roles involving all aspects of genome function, from governing patterns of gene expression at precise genomic loci to participating in genome replication, repair and maintenance. This conceptual change has led to a new understanding of the intricate interplay between chromatin and DNA-dependent processes and how this connection translates into normal and abnormal cellular functions.
组蛋白是真核染色质不可或缺的组成部分，在基因组的组织和功能中发挥着关键作用。染色质的动态调控涉及组蛋白变体的结合，而组蛋白变体可显著改变染色质的结构和功能特性。早先的观点认为，单个组蛋白变体仅限于发挥特定的基因组功能，与此相反，新的研究发现，组蛋白变体发挥着多方面的作用，涉及基因组功能的方方面面，从管理精确基因组位点的基因表达模式，到参与基因组的复制、修复和维护。这种概念上的变化使人们对染色质和 DNA 依赖过程之间错综复杂的相互作用以及这种联系如何转化为正常和异常的细胞功能有了新的认识。
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