{"title":"Feasibility of using diamond-like carbon films in total joint replacements: a review","authors":"Anurag Roy, Annette Bennett, Lisa Pruitt","doi":"10.1007/s10856-024-06814-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diamond-like Carbon (DLC) has been used as a coating material of choice for a variety of technological applications owing to its favorable bio-tribo-thermo-mechanical characteristics. Here, the possibility of bringing DLC into orthopedic joint implants is examined. With ever increasing number of patients suffering from osteoarthritis as well as with the ingress of the osteoarthritic joints’ malaise into younger and more active demographics, there is a pressing need to augment the performance and integrity of conventional total joint replacements (TJRs). Contemporary joint replacement devices use metal-on-polymer articulations to restore function to worn, damaged or diseased cartilage. The wear of polymeric components has been addressed using crosslinking and antioxidants; however, in the context of the metallic components, complications pertaining to corrosion and metal ion release inside the body still persist. Through this review article, we explore the use of DLC coatings on metallic bearing surfaces and elucidate why this technology might be a viable solution for ongoing electrochemical challenges in orthopedics. The different characteristics of DLC coatings and their feasibility in TJRs are examined through assessment of tribo-material characterization methods. A holistic characterization of the coating-substrate interface and the wear performance of such systems are discussed. As with all biomaterials used in TJRs, we need mindful consideration of potential in-vivo challenges. We present a few caveats for DLC coatings including delamination, hydrophobicity, and other conflicting as well as outdating findings in the literature. We recommend prudently exploring DLC films as potential coatings on metallic TJR components to solve the problems pertaining to wear, metal ion release, and corrosion. Ultimately, we advise bringing DLC into clinical use only after addressing all challenges and concerns outlined in this article.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11322245/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10856-024-06814-x","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Diamond-like Carbon (DLC) has been used as a coating material of choice for a variety of technological applications owing to its favorable bio-tribo-thermo-mechanical characteristics. Here, the possibility of bringing DLC into orthopedic joint implants is examined. With ever increasing number of patients suffering from osteoarthritis as well as with the ingress of the osteoarthritic joints’ malaise into younger and more active demographics, there is a pressing need to augment the performance and integrity of conventional total joint replacements (TJRs). Contemporary joint replacement devices use metal-on-polymer articulations to restore function to worn, damaged or diseased cartilage. The wear of polymeric components has been addressed using crosslinking and antioxidants; however, in the context of the metallic components, complications pertaining to corrosion and metal ion release inside the body still persist. Through this review article, we explore the use of DLC coatings on metallic bearing surfaces and elucidate why this technology might be a viable solution for ongoing electrochemical challenges in orthopedics. The different characteristics of DLC coatings and their feasibility in TJRs are examined through assessment of tribo-material characterization methods. A holistic characterization of the coating-substrate interface and the wear performance of such systems are discussed. As with all biomaterials used in TJRs, we need mindful consideration of potential in-vivo challenges. We present a few caveats for DLC coatings including delamination, hydrophobicity, and other conflicting as well as outdating findings in the literature. We recommend prudently exploring DLC films as potential coatings on metallic TJR components to solve the problems pertaining to wear, metal ion release, and corrosion. Ultimately, we advise bringing DLC into clinical use only after addressing all challenges and concerns outlined in this article.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine publishes refereed papers providing significant progress in the application of biomaterials and tissue engineering constructs as medical or dental implants, prostheses and devices. Coverage spans a wide range of topics from basic science to clinical applications, around the theme of materials in medicine and dentistry. The central element is the development of synthetic and natural materials used in orthopaedic, maxillofacial, cardiovascular, neurological, ophthalmic and dental applications. Special biomedical topics include biomaterial synthesis and characterisation, biocompatibility studies, nanomedicine, tissue engineering constructs and cell substrates, regenerative medicine, computer modelling and other advanced experimental methodologies.
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