Analysis of Precipitable Water Vapor, Liquid Water Path and Their Variations before Rainfall Event over Northeastern Tibetan Plateau

IF 2.5 4区地球科学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmosphere Pub Date : 2024-08-04 DOI:10.3390/atmos15080934

Mingxing Xue, Qiong Li, Zhen Qiao, Xiaomei Zhu, Suonam Kealdrup Tysa

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

A ground-based microwave radiometer (MWR) provides continuous atmospheric profiles under various weather conditions. The change in total precipitable water vapor (PWV) and liquid water path (LWP) before rainfall events is particularly important for the improvement in the rainfall forecast. However, the analysis of the PWV and LWP before rainfall event on the plateau is especially worth exploring. In this study, the MWR installed at Xining, a city located over the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, was employed during September 2021 to August 2022. The results reveal that the MWR-retrieved temperature and vapor density demonstrate reliable accuracy, when compared with radiosonde observations; PWV and LWP values during the summer account for over 70% of the annual totals in the Xining area; both PWV and LWP at the initiating time of rainfall events are higher during summer, especially after sunset (during 20-00 local solar time); and notably, PWV and LWP anomalies are enhanced abruptly 8 and 28 min prior to the initiating time, respectively. Furthermore, the mean of LWP anomaly rises after the turning time (the moment rises abruptly) to the initiating time; as the intensity of rainfall events increases, the occurrence of the turning time is delayed, especially for PWV anomalies; while the occurrence of the turning time is similar for both convective cloud and stratiform cloud rainfall events, the PWV and LWP anomalies jump more the initiating time; as the intensity of rainfall events increases, the occurrence of the turning time is delayed, especially for PWV anomalies; while the occurrence of the turning time is similar for both convective cloud and stratiform cloud rainfall events, the PWV and LWP anomalies jump more dramatically after the turning time in convective cloud events. This study aims are to analyze the temporal characteristics of PWV and LWP, and assess their potential in predicting rainfall event.

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青藏高原东北部降雨事件前的可降水汽、液态水路径及其变化分析

地基微波辐射计（MWR）可提供各种天气条件下的连续大气剖面图。降雨事件发生前可降水蒸汽总量（PWV）和液态水路径（LWP）的变化对改善降雨预报尤为重要。然而，对高原降雨事件前的 PWV 和 LWP 的分析尤其值得探讨。本研究在 2021 年 9 月至 2022 年 8 月期间使用了安装在青藏高原东北部城市西宁的 MWR。研究结果表明，与无线电探空仪观测结果相比，MWR 重新获得的温度和水汽密度具有可靠的准确性；夏季的 PWV 和 LWP 值占西宁地区全年总值的 70% 以上；降雨事件开始时的 PWV 和 LWP 值在夏季都较高，尤其是在日落后（当地太阳时 20:00 期间）；值得注意的是，PWV 和 LWP 异常分别在降雨开始前 8 分钟和 28 分钟突然增强。此外，低纬度异常的平均值在转折时间后（突然上升的时刻）上升到初始时间；随着降雨事件强度的增加，转折时间的出现被推迟，尤其是脉宽调异常；虽然对流云和层状云降雨事件的转折时间相似，但脉宽调异常和低纬度异常在初始时间的跳跃更大；随着降雨事件强度的增加，转折时间推迟，尤其是PWV异常；虽然对流云降雨事件和层状云降雨事件的转折时间相似，但对流云降雨事件的PWV和LWP异常在转折时间后跳变更剧烈。本研究旨在分析 PWV 和 LWP 的时间特征，并评估其预测降雨事件的潜力。

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来源期刊

Atmosphere METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES-

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

13.80%

发文量

1769

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433) is an international and cross-disciplinary scholarly journal of scientific studies related to the atmosphere. It publishes reviews, regular research papers, communications and short notes, and there is no restriction on the length of the papers. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be provided for research articles.