Removal of ciprofloxacin via enhancing hydrophilicity of membranes using biochar

IF 5.7 3区环境科学与生态学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Applied Water Science Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI:10.1007/s13201-024-02270-8

Muhammad Zaheer Afzal, Said Akbar Khan, Chao Song, Muhammad Imran Irfan, Shu-Guang Wang

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Abstract

Growing concerns regarding the presence of pharmaceuticals in wastewater necessitate their removal. Membrane filtration offers a promising approach. This study explores the development of biochar incorporated mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for ciprofloxacin removal from water. Biochar, derived from the pyrolysis of agricultural waste, was blended with polyether sulfone (PES) and polyvinylpyrrolidone in varying ratios. The resulting MMMs exhibited progressively improved properties with increasing biochar content. Notably, membrane M₁₁, comprising equal parts PES and biochar, displayed the highest porosity, lowest surface roughness (12.0), and lowest contact angle (31.05°), indicating enhanced hydrophilicity (increased by 58.19% compared to the biochar-free membrane). M₁₁ effectively removed ciprofloxacin along with three additional antibiotics from different classes. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses corroborated the removal of ciprofloxacin. Furthermore, M₁₁ demonstrated excellent regenerability, retaining over 57% removal efficiency after four cycles. These findings highlight the potential of M₁₁ as a sustainable and cost-effective membrane for pharmaceutical removal from wastewater.

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利用生物炭增强膜的亲水性去除环丙沙星

人们日益关注废水中是否含有药物，因此有必要去除这些药物。膜过滤是一种很有前景的方法。本研究探讨了开发用于去除水中环丙沙星的生物炭混合基质膜（MMMs）。生物炭来自农业废弃物的热解，以不同的比例与聚醚砜（PES）和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮混合。随着生物炭含量的增加，由此产生的 MMM 性能逐渐提高。值得注意的是，由等量的聚醚砜和生物炭组成的膜 M11 显示出最高的孔隙率、最低的表面粗糙度（12.0）和最小的接触角（31.05°），表明其亲水性增强（与不含生物炭的膜相比增加了 58.19%）。M11 能有效去除环丙沙星和另外三种不同类别的抗生素。傅立叶变换红外光谱和 X 射线光电子能谱分析证实了环丙沙星的去除效果。此外，M11 还表现出极佳的可再生性，四次循环后仍能保持 57% 以上的去除率。这些发现凸显了 M11 作为一种可持续的、具有成本效益的膜从废水中去除药物的潜力。

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